IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/soudev/v12y2017i3p308-330.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Emergence and Transformation of Batkhela Bazaar (Pakistan)

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Ayub Jan

Abstract

This article examines the emergence and transformation of a vibrant bazaar (marketplace) in an underdeveloped area of Pakistan. I first investigate the rise of the bazaar in Batkhela (Malakand) in the face of historical conditions characterized by social stratification and political exclusivity, and proceed to probe the bazaar’s transformation and consequent role in generating economic growth and political reforms. These inquiries are undertaken against the backdrop of the extraordinary efforts of bazaar entrepreneurs to keep the bazaar functioning. Using ethnographic methods, the study finds that entrepreneurs use social networks of family and friends at different stages of their business trajectories. Whereas family networks were particularly useful during the initial stages of business development, friendship networks become more important later on. Contrary to the literature on ethnic entrepreneurship, friendship networks in Batkhela are more diverse and include members from similar and dissimilar ethnic groups. Collectively, family networks and ever-diffusing friendship networks help consolidate successful businesses in Batkhela. The study concludes that Batkhela bazaar is a monumental regional marketplace that has engendered political reforms in areas of domicile, private property and political representation for different sections of society.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Ayub Jan, 2017. "The Emergence and Transformation of Batkhela Bazaar (Pakistan)," Journal of South Asian Development, , vol. 12(3), pages 308-330, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:soudev:v:12:y:2017:i:3:p:308-330
    DOI: 10.1177/0973174117733554
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0973174117733554
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0973174117733554?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Child, Frank C & Kaneda, Hiromitsu, 1975. "Links to the Green Revolution: A Study of Small-Scale, Agriculturally Related Industry in the Pakistan Punjab," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 23(2), pages 249-275, January.
    2. Sarah L. Jack, 2005. "The Role, Use and Activation of Strong and Weak Network Ties: A Qualitative Analysis," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(6), pages 1233-1259, September.
    3. Muhammad Khalique1, & Abu Hassan Md . Isa & Jamal Abdul Nassir Shaari, 2011. "Challenges for Pakistani SMEs in a Knowledge-Based Economy," Indus Journal of Management & Social Science (IJMSS), Department of Business Administration, vol. 5(2), pages 74-80, June.
    4. Burki, Abid A. & Terrell, Dek, 1998. "Measuring production efficiency of small firms in Pakistan," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(1), pages 155-169, January.
    5. Arent Greve & Janet W. Salaff, 2003. "Social Networks and Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 28(1), pages 1-22, January.
    6. Per Davidsson, 2004. "Researching Entrepreneurship," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, Springer, number 978-0-387-23054-2, December.
    7. Geertz, Clifford, 1978. "The Bazaar Economy: Information and Search in Peasant Marketing," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 68(2), pages 28-32, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lavlu Mozumdar & Geoffrey Hagelaar & Valentina C. Materia & S. W. F. Omta & Mohammad Amirul Islam & Gerben Velde, 2019. "Embeddedness or Over-Embeddedness? Women Entrepreneurs’ Networks and Their Influence on Business Performance," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 31(5), pages 1449-1469, December.
    2. Victoria Antin Yates & James M. Vardaman & James J. Chrisman, 2023. "Social network research in the family business literature: a review and integration," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1323-1345, April.
    3. Elvin Afandi & Majid Kermani & Fuad Mammadov, 2017. "Social capital and entrepreneurial process," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 13(3), pages 685-716, September.
    4. Sullivan, Diane M. & Marvel, Matthew R. & Wolfe, Marcus T., 2021. "With a little help from my friends? How learning activities and network ties impact performance for high tech startups in incubators," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    5. Christopher S. Hayter, 2015. "Social Networks and the Success of University Spin-offs," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 29(1), pages 3-13, February.
    6. Walsh, Christian & Collins, Jamie & Knott, Paul, 2022. "The four types of intuition managers need to know," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 65(5), pages 697-708.
    7. Robert Huggins & Piers Thompson, 2015. "Entrepreneurship, innovation and regional growth: a network theory," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 103-128, June.
    8. Skokic, Vlatka & Lynch, Paul & Morrison, Alison, 2019. "Veza: An informal network of tourism entrepreneurs," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 26-37.
    9. Harpriya & Rakesh Kumar Sharma & Ash Narayan Sah, 2022. "Impact of demographic factors on the financial performance of women‐owned micro‐enterprises in India," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 6-17, January.
    10. Walsh, Christian & Knott, Paul & Collins, Jamie, 2020. "Emotional energy and opportunity confidence," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 13(C).
    11. Diane M. Sullivan & Cameron M. Ford, 2014. "How Entrepreneurs use Networks to Address Changing Resource Requirements during Early Venture Development," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(3), pages 551-574, May.
    12. Katharina Scheidgen & Anna Brattström, 2023. "Berlin is Hotter Than Silicon Valley! How Networking Temperature Shapes Entrepreneurs’ Networking Across Social Contexts," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 47(6), pages 2233-2262, November.
    13. Stam, Wouter & Arzlanian, Souren & Elfring, Tom, 2014. "Social capital of entrepreneurs and small firm performance: A meta-analysis of contextual and methodological moderators," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 152-173.
    14. Daniel Prokop & Piers Thompson, 2023. "Defining networks in entrepreneurial ecosystems: the openness of ecosystems," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 517-538, August.
    15. Newbert, Scott L. & Tornikoski, Erno T. & Quigley, Narda R., 2013. "Exploring the evolution of supporter networks in the creation of new organizations," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 28(2), pages 281-298.
    16. Kerr, Jon & Coviello, Nicole, 2020. "Weaving network theory into effectuation: A multi-level reconceptualization of effectual dynamics," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(2).
    17. Diane M. Sullivan, 2015. "Are Entrepreneurs’ Networks Dynamic? A Replication Study Testing Changes In Entrepreneurs’ Networks During New Venture Development," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 20(03), pages 1-17, September.
    18. Jean–Luc Arregle & Bat Batjargal & Michael A. Hitt & Justin W. Webb & Toyah Miller & Anne S. Tsui, 2015. "Family Ties in Entrepreneurs’ Social Networks and New Venture Growth," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(2), pages 313-344, March.
    19. Ibrahim Sirkeci & Fatma Zeren, 2018. "Diaspora Marketing Revisited: The nexus of entrepreneurs and consumers," Transnational Marketing Journal, Oxbridge Publishing House, UK, vol. 6(2), pages 139-157, October.
    20. Smith, Delmonize A. & Lohrke, Franz T., 2008. "Entrepreneurial network development: Trusting in the process," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(4), pages 315-322, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:soudev:v:12:y:2017:i:3:p:308-330. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.