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Understanding High Inflation Trend in India

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  • Ashima Goyal

Abstract

Stylized Indian facts and structural features are consistent with an elastic aggregate supply, subject to cost push. A variety of time series tests support this against an alternative hypothesis of inelastic supply. Mechanisms that propagate relative price changes into the price level include sector bottlenecks and governance failures. The first best policy response to a temporary supply shock is to shift down the supply curve by neutralizing mechanisms that propagate supply shocks, while avoiding too large a demand contraction. A standard monetary tightening to anchor inflation expectations requires a large growth sacrifice. Backward-looking price setting in some Indian firms reduces the required intensity of tightening. JEL Classification: E31, E52, E62, O23

Suggested Citation

  • Ashima Goyal, 2015. "Understanding High Inflation Trend in India," South Asian Journal of Macroeconomics and Public Finance, , vol. 4(1), pages 1-42, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:smppub:v:4:y:2015:i:1:p:1-42
    DOI: 10.1177/2277978715574614
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blanchard, Olivier Jean & Quah, Danny, 1989. "The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 79(4), pages 655-673, September.
    2. Ashima Goyal & Shruti Tripathi, 2011. "New Keynesian aggregate supply in the tropics: food prices, wages and inflation," International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 4(4), pages 330-354.
    3. Shruti Tripathi & Ashima Goyal, 2013. "Relative Prices, Price Level and Inflation: Effects of Asymmetric and Sticky Adjustment," The IUP Journal of Applied Economics, IUP Publications, vol. 0(2), pages 41-61, April.
    4. Ashima Goyal, 2014. "Purchasing Power Parity, Wages and Inflation in Emerging Markets," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 49(4), pages 327-347, November.
    5. Ball, Laurence & Mankiw, N Gregory, 1994. "Asymmetric Price Adjustment and Economic Fluctuations," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 104(423), pages 247-261, March.
    6. Goyal, Ashima & Pujari, Ayan Kumar, 2005. "Identifying long run supply curve of India," MPRA Paper 24021, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Ashima Goyal, 2010. "Inflationary pressures in South Asia," Asia-Pacific Development Journal, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), vol. 17(2), pages 1-42, December.
    8. Ashima Goyal, 2005. "Incentives from exchange rate regimes in an institutional context," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2005-002, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    9. Ashima Goyal & Shruti Tripathi, 2012. "Regulations and price discovery: oil spot and futures markets," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2012-016, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    10. Gali, Jordi & Gertler, Mark & David Lopez-Salido, J., 2005. "Robustness of the estimates of the hybrid New Keynesian Phillips curve," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(6), pages 1107-1118, September.
    11. Gali, Jordi & Gertler, Mark, 1999. "Inflation dynamics: A structural econometric analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 195-222, October.
    12. Paul, Biru Paksha, 2009. "In search of the Phillips curve for India," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 479-488, September.
    13. Singh, B. Karan & Kanakaraj, A. & Sridevi, T.O., 2011. "Revisiting the empirical existence of the Phillips curve for India," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 247-258, June.
    14. Goyal, Ashima, 1999. "The Political Economy of the Revenue Deficit," MPRA Paper 29980, University Library of Munich, Germany.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Amritkant MISHRA & Ajit Kumar DASH & Amba AGARWAL, 2023. "Quest of dynamic linkages between monetary factors and food inflation in India," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania - AGER, vol. 0(2(635), S), pages 199-210, Summer.
    2. Ashima Goyal & Prashant Parab, 2021. "Effectiveness of expectations channel of monetary policy transmission: Evidence from India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2021-011, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    3. Asharani Samal & Phanindra Goyari, 2022. "Does Monetary Policy Stabilise Food Inflation in India? Evidence From Quantile Regression Analysis," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 55(3), pages 361-372, September.
    4. Goyal, Ashima & Parab, Prashant, 2021. "What influences aggregate inflation expectations of households in India?," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    5. Ashima Goyal & Sritama Ray, 2022. "Exploring correlations between aggregate demand and supply shocks in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2022-004, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    6. Hoang, Thi Hong Van & Lahiani, Amine & Heller, David, 2016. "Is gold a hedge against inflation? New evidence from a nonlinear ARDL approach," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 54-66.
    7. Ashima Goyal & Prashant Parab, 2019. "Inflation convergence and anchoring of expectations in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2019-023, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    8. Barendra Kumar Bhoi & Abhishek Kumar & Prashant Mehul Parab, "undated". "Aggregate demand management, policy errors and optimal monetary policy in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2019-029, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    9. Asharani Samal & Mallesh Ummalla & Phanindra Goyari, 2022. "The impact of macroeconomic factors on food price inflation: an evidence from India," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 8(1), pages 1-14, December.
    10. Ashima Goyal & Prashant Mehul Parab, 2019. "Modeling Consumers' Confidence and Inflation Expectations," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(3), pages 1817-1832.
    11. Thi Hong Van Hoang & Amine Lahiani & David Heller, 2016. "Is gold a hedge against inflation? New evidence from a nonlinear ARDL approach," Post-Print hal-02012307, HAL.
    12. Ashima Goyal, 2022. "Flexible inflation targeting: Concepts and application in India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2022-003, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Inflation; aggregate supply; relative price shocks; propagation; governance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • O23 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development

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