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Measuring and understanding the differences between urban and rural areas

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  • Malcolm J Beynon
  • Andrew Crawley
  • Max Munday

Abstract

Understanding the factors that make a location more rural or urban is an important task for planners and policymakers. Traditional individual characteristics of rurality sometimes hide the more complex social as well as physical dynamics of a locality. This paper builds on early work which applied factor analysis to construct a single index of rurality. An approach is developed with a combined metric encompassing multiple measures. These are capable individually of defining rurality but together they deliver greater insight on more complex patterns and help to redefine the simple notion of rurality. The paper then utilises a novel graphical method, the constellation graph, providing a diagnostic and visual framework to aid planners when assessing the spatial dimensions of a locality.

Suggested Citation

  • Malcolm J Beynon & Andrew Crawley & Max Munday, 2016. "Measuring and understanding the differences between urban and rural areas," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 43(6), pages 1136-1154, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:43:y:2016:i:6:p:1136-1154
    DOI: 10.1177/0265813515605096
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    2. Muilu, Toivo & Rusanen, Jarmo, 2004. "Changes in population and industries in the rural areas of Finland: from analysis of administrative regions to a GIS based approach," Rural Areas and Development, European Rural Development Network (ERDN), vol. 2, pages 1-9.
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    6. Karina Monteros & Valentina Dall’Orto & Cecilia Cempini, 2024. "The Formation of the Urban–Rural Fringe Space in the San Cayetano Area: The Transformation of a Peripheral Urban Landscape in Ecuador," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-20, April.
    7. Andrew Crawley & Max Munday, 2017. "Priority sectors in city regions? Some issues from a study of the Cardiff Capital Region," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 32(6), pages 576-589, September.
    8. David Clelland & Carol Hill, 2019. "Deprivation, policy and rurality: The limitations and applications of area-based deprivation indices in Scotland," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 34(1), pages 33-50, February.
    9. Beynon, Malcolm J. & Jones, Paul & Pickernell, David, 2023. "Evaluating EU-Region level innovation readiness: A longitudinal analysis using principal component analysis and a constellation graph index approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    10. Lucas Roth & Özgür Yildiz & Jens Lowitzsch, 2021. "An Empirical Approach to Differences in Flexible Electricity Consumption Behaviour of Urban and Rural Populations—Lessons Learned in Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-31, August.
    11. Ellen M. Hoffmann & Monish Jose & Nils Nölke & Thomas Möckel, 2017. "Construction and Use of a Simple Index of Urbanisation in the Rural–Urban Interface of Bangalore, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-21, November.
    12. Muhammad Salem & Naoki Tsurusaki & Prasanna Divigalpitiya & Emad Kenawy, 2020. "An Effective Framework for Monitoring and Measuring the Progress towards Sustainable Development in the Peri-Urban Areas of the Greater Cairo Region, Egypt," World, MDPI, vol. 1(1), pages 1-19, April.

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