IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/ecolab/v17y2006i1p227-247.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Child Labour and Employment Relations Legislation in India

Author

Listed:
  • Ashraf U. Kazi

Abstract

The global trend towards the removal of child labour began in the nineteenth century and continues into the twenty-first century, yet estimates of children working in India range up to 100 million. Though the Indian government prohibits employment of children in factories, there is no law to prohibit employment of children in family households, cottage industries and family owned agricultural fields or family businesses, and large numbers of children miss school to look after cattle, collect firewood or work infields, restaurants or quarries. The framers of the Constitution of India were aware of their responsibility towards children and a number of provisions were made to protect children. This article focuses on legislation since 1938, prohibiting the labour of children aged below fifteen years. Defects in the legislation and weak enforcement machinery have meant that children working in family-owned industries and agricultural fields continue to escape attention. The small earning of a child have been seen as a means of survival for a large number of families in India. The article is primarily a historical piece, tracing this regulatory failure through five decades of independence and freedom in which lives of children, born free but bonded for life in the largest democracy in the world. This paper will provide the basis for assessing the degree of change for children, as India becomes one of the world's fastest growing economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashraf U. Kazi, 2006. "Child Labour and Employment Relations Legislation in India," The Economic and Labour Relations Review, , vol. 17(1), pages 227-247, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ecolab:v:17:y:2006:i:1:p:227-247
    DOI: 10.1177/103530460601700109
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/103530460601700109
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/103530460601700109?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jagdish N. Bhagwati, 2004. "In Defense of Globalization: It Has a Human Face," Rivista di Politica Economica, SIPI Spa, vol. 94(6), pages 9-20, November-.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zahid Siddique & Faisal Jamil & Ayesha Nazuk & Eatzaz Ahmad, 2019. "Policy Failure in Achieving Universal Basic Education: A Theoretical Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 58(2), pages 135-157.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Attwood, Donald W., 2005. "Big is ugly? How large-scale institutions prevent famines in Western India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 33(12), pages 2067-2083, December.
    2. Yingqi Wei & V. N. Balasubramanyam, 2006. "Diaspora and Development," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(11), pages 1599-1609, November.
    3. Sixto K. Roxas & Gerardo R. Ungson, 2011. "From Alleviation to Eradication: A Reassessment of Modernization, Market‐Based, and Communitarian Solutions to Global Poverty," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 3(2), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Costantini, Valeria & Monni, Salvatore, 2008. "Environment, human development and economic growth," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(4), pages 867-880, February.
    5. Jo Jakobsen & Indra De Soysa, 2006. "Do Foreign Investors Punish Democracy? Theory and Empirics, 1984–2001," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 383-410, August.
    6. Ebru Kongar, 2008. "Is deindustrialization good for women? Evidence from the United States," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(1), pages 73-92.
    7. Christopher E.S. WARBURTON, 2017. "Trade Treaties and Deglobalization," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 17(1), pages 71-88.
    8. Prema-chandra Athukorala, 2012. "Disaster, Generosity and Recovery: Indian Ocean Tsunami," Departmental Working Papers 2012-04, The Australian National University, Arndt-Corden Department of Economics.
    9. Lalountas, Dionisios A. & Manolas, George A. & Vavouras, Ioannis S., 2011. "Corruption, globalization and development: How are these three phenomena related?," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 636-648, July.
    10. Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra & Luis Alfonso Dau, 2009. "Structural Reform and Firm Exports," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 479-507, September.
    11. Geoffrey Schneider & Paul Susman, 2008. "Trade, People and Places: A Social Economic-Geographic Approach to Comparative Institutional Advantage," Review of Social Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 66(4), pages 469-499.
    12. Zerrin K l carslan & Yasemin Dumrul, 2018. "The Impact of Globalization on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from the Turkey," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 8(5), pages 115-123.
    13. Ffrench-Davis, Ricardo, 2008. "The global crisis, speculative capital and innovative financing for development," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    14. Kevin Gallagher, 2012. "The Global Governance of Capital Flows: New Opportunities, Enduring Challenges," Working Papers wp283, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
    15. Prema‐chandra Athukorala, 2006. "International Labour Migration in East Asia: trends, patterns and policy issues," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, The Crawford School, The Australian National University, vol. 20(1), pages 18-39, May.
    16. Toru Iwami, 2006. "Globalization and Pollution Industries in East Asia," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-394, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    17. Bussmann, Margit, 2009. "The Effect of Trade Openness on Women's Welfare and Work Life," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(6), pages 1027-1038, June.
    18. Cooray, Arusha & Tamazian, Artur & Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya, 2014. "What drives FDI policy liberalization? An empirical investigation," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 179-189.
    19. James Dean & Vivek H. Dehejia & Elinor Johansen & Sarah Turney, 2004. "Optimal Globalization and National Welfare," Carleton Economic Papers 04-17, Carleton University, Department of Economics.
    20. André MEUNIE & Guillaume POUYANNE, 2007. "Is there an Environmental Urban Kuznets Curve? The case of polluting emissions due to daily mobility in 37 cities. (In French)," Cahiers du GREThA (2007-2019) 2007-04, Groupe de Recherche en Economie Théorique et Appliquée (GREThA).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:ecolab:v:17:y:2006:i:1:p:227-247. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.