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Rural Economic Development in the United States

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  • Janna Johnson

    (University of Chicago, jannaj@uchicago.edu)

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Business and Industry (B&I) Guaranteed Loan Program guarantees loans made by rural banks to rural businesses. The author evaluates B&I's effectiveness in increasing employment using basic ordinary least squares (OLS) and propensity score matching models. The author finds a robust association between loan reception and increased employment growth. A loan of $1,000 per capita is accompanied by a 3% to 6% increase in employment-per-capita growth and a 3% to 5% decrease in earnings-per-worker growth over the 2 years after the loan, leaving the effect on total county earnings indeterminate. The author concludes that the B&I loan program subsidizes loans associated with increased employment growth, although the jobs created are lower paying than average.

Suggested Citation

  • Janna Johnson, 2009. "Rural Economic Development in the United States," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 23(3), pages 229-241, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:ecdequ:v:23:y:2009:i:3:p:229-241
    DOI: 10.1177/0891242408331026
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Timothy J. Bartik & Richard D. Bingham, 1997. "Can Economic Development Programs be Evaluated?," Book chapters authored by Upjohn Institute researchers, in: Richard D. Bingham & Robert Mier (ed.),Dilemmas of Urban Economic Development, pages 246-290, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
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    5. Timothy J. Bartik, 2004. "Evaluating the Impacts of Local Economic Development Policies on Local Economic Outcomes: What Has Been Done and What Is Doable?," Book chapters authored by Upjohn Institute researchers, in: Evaluating Local Economic and Employment Development: How to Access Waht Works Among Programmes and Policies, pages 113-142, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Juan Tomas Sayago-Gomez & Gianfranco Piras & Donald Lacombe & Randall Jackson, 2015. "Impact Evaluation of Investments in the Appalachian Region: A Reappraisal," Working Papers Working Paper 2015-06, Regional Research Institute, West Virginia University.
    3. Josh Matti, 2019. "The Political Economy of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Business-Cooperative Service," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 33(3), pages 203-211, August.
    4. Peng, Yanling & Ren, Yanjun & Zhong, Yu & Jiang, Yuansheng, 2022. "Farmers’ Heterogeneous Preferences for Selecting Attributes of Farmland Management Right Mortgages: Evidence from Western China," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322408, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    5. Low, Sarah A., 2017. "Rural Manufacturing Resilience: Factors Associated With Plant Survival, 1996-2011," Economic Research Report 262184, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    6. Goetz, Stephan J. & Partridge, Mark D. & Deller, Steven C. & Fleming, David A., 2010. "Evaluating U.S. Rural Entrepreneurship Policy," Journal of Regional Analysis and Policy, Mid-Continent Regional Science Association, vol. 40(1), pages 1-14.
    7. Tessa Conroy & Sarah A. Low & Stephan Weiler, 2017. "Fueling Job Engines: Impacts Of Small Business Loans On Establishment Births In Metropolitan And Nonmetro Counties," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 35(3), pages 578-595, July.
    8. Hongguang Zheng & Zhanbin Zhang, 2021. "Analyzing Characteristics and Implications of the Mortgage Default of Agricultural Land Management Rights in Recent China Based on 724 Court Decisions," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-16, July.

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