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Solvency Regulation in the Property-Liability Insurance Industry: Empirical Evidence

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  • Patricia Munch
  • Dennis E. Smallwood

Abstract

This article reports empirical evidence concerning the effects of solvency regulation on the number of companies and frequency of insolvencies. Minimum capital requirements appear to reduce insolvencies by reducing the number of small, domestic firms. This supports the view of capital requirements as a differentially higher tax on small, new firms. Other forms of regulation have ambiguous effects or none. A comparison of the characteristics of insolvent and solvent firms supports the model of insolvency as the (unlucky) outcome of value-maximizing risk-taking.

Suggested Citation

  • Patricia Munch & Dennis E. Smallwood, 1980. "Solvency Regulation in the Property-Liability Insurance Industry: Empirical Evidence," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 11(1), pages 261-279, Spring.
    • Handle: RePEc:rje:bellje:v:11:y:1980:i:spring:p:261-279
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    Cited by:

    1. Soon-Ja Lee & Michael L. Smith, "undated". "Property-Casualty Insurance Guaranty Funds and Insurer Vulnerability to Misfortune," Research in Financial Economics 9506, Ohio State University.
    2. Lee, Soon-Jae & Mayers, David & Smith Jr., Clifford W., 1997. "Guaranty funds and risk-taking Evidence from the insurance industry," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 3-24, April.
    3. Dionne, Georges & Harrington, Scott, 2017. "Insurance and Insurance Markets," Working Papers 17-2, HEC Montreal, Canada Research Chair in Risk Management.
    4. Pasiouras, Fotios & Gaganis, Chrysovalantis, 2013. "Regulations and soundness of insurance firms: International evidence," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(5), pages 632-642.
    5. Gaganis, Chrysovalantis & Liu, Liuling & Pasiouras, Fotios, 2015. "Regulations, profitability, and risk-adjusted returns of European insurers: An empirical investigation," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 55-77.
    6. Lindset Snorre, 2008. "Risk-Based Pre-Funding of Guaranty Funds in Life Insurance," Asia-Pacific Journal of Risk and Insurance, De Gruyter, vol. 2(2), pages 1-10, March.
    7. Eling, Martin & Gatzert, Nadine & Schmeiser, Hato, 2009. "Minimum standards for investment performance: A new perspective on non-life insurer solvency," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 113-122, August.
    8. Iskandar Hamwi & Tim Hudson & Yueyun Chen, 2004. "Solvency regulation in the property-liability insurance industry," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 10(4), pages 313-327, November.
    9. Yueyun Chen & Iskandar Hamwi & Tim Hudson, 2003. "Capital asset pricing models with default risk: Theory and application in insurance," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 9(1), pages 20-34, February.
    10. Henri Loubergé, 1998. "Risk and Insurance Economics 25 Years After," The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance - Issues and Practice, Palgrave Macmillan;The Geneva Association, vol. 23(4), pages 540-567, October.
    11. Patricia Munch & Dennis Smallwood, 1981. "Theory of Solvency Regulation in the Property and Casualty Insurance Industry," NBER Chapters, in: Studies in Public Regulation, pages 119-180, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    12. David Cummins, J. & Sommer, David W., 1996. "Capital and risk in property-liability insurance markets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 1069-1092, July.
    13. Soon-Jae Lee & Michael L. Smith, "undated". "Property-Casualty Insurance Guaranty Funds And Insurer Vulnerability To Misfortune," Research in Financial Economics 9616, Ohio State University.
    14. Lee, Soon-Jae & Smith, Michael L., 1999. "Property-casualty insurance guaranty funds and insurer vulnerability to misfortune," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(9), pages 1437-1456, September.
    15. Lamm-Tennant, Joan & Starks, Laura & Stokes, Lynne, 1996. "Considerations of cost trade-offs in insurance solvency surveillance policy," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(5), pages 835-852, June.
    16. Yucel, Eray, 2011. "A Review and Bibliography of Early Warning Models," MPRA Paper 32893, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    17. Cassandra R. Cole & Enya He & Kathleen A. McCullough & David W. Sommer, 2011. "Separation of Ownership and Management: Implications for Risk‐Taking Behavior," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 14(1), pages 49-71, March.

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