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Reduction in all-cause otitis media-related outpatient visits in children after PCV10 introduction in Brazil

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Listed:
  • Ana L Sartori
  • Ruth Minamisava
  • Ana L Bierrenbach
  • Cristiana M Toscano
  • Eliane T Afonso
  • Otaliba L Morais-Neto
  • José L F Antunes
  • Elier B Cristo
  • Ana Lucia Andrade

Abstract

Few studies have reported the effect of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) on otitis media (OM) in infants. In particular, no population-based study in upper-middle income countries is available. In 2010, Brazil introduced PCV10 into its routine National Immunization Program using a 3+1 schedule. We measured the impact of PCV10 on all-cause OM in children. An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted in Goiânia/Brazil considering monthly rates (per 100,000) of all-cause OM outpatient visits in children aged 2–23 months. We used case-based data from the Outpatient Visits Information System of the Unified Health System coded for ICD-10 diagnosis for the period of August/2008 to July/2015. As a comparator, we used rates of outpatient visits due to all-other causes. The relative reduction of all-cause OM and all-other causes of outpatient visits were calculated as the difference between the predicted and observed cumulative rates of the PCV10 post-vaccination period. We then subtracted the relative reduction of all-other causes of outpatient visits from all-cause OM to obtain the impact of PCV10 on OM. In total, 6,401 OM outpatient visits were recorded in 4,793 children aged 2–23 months. Of these, 922 (19.2%) children had more than one OM episode. A significant reduction in all-cause OM visits was observed (50.7%; 95%CI: 42.2–59.2%; p = 0.013), while the reduction in visits due to all-other causes was 7.7% (95% CI 0.8–14.7%; p

Suggested Citation

  • Ana L Sartori & Ruth Minamisava & Ana L Bierrenbach & Cristiana M Toscano & Eliane T Afonso & Otaliba L Morais-Neto & José L F Antunes & Elier B Cristo & Ana Lucia Andrade, 2017. "Reduction in all-cause otitis media-related outpatient visits in children after PCV10 introduction in Brazil," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0179222
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179222
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    1. Ferreira Filho, Joaquim Bento de Souza & Horridge, Mark Jonathan, 2006. "Economic Integration, Poverty and Regional Inequality in Brazil," Revista Brasileira de Economia - RBE, EPGE Brazilian School of Economics and Finance - FGV EPGE (Brazil), vol. 60(4), February.
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