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Contextual Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight: A Multilevel Analysis

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  • Gbenga A Kayode
  • Mary Amoakoh-Coleman
  • Irene Akua Agyepong
  • Evelyn Ansah
  • Diederick E Grobbee
  • Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch

Abstract

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) remains to be a leading cause of neonatal death and a major contributor to infant and under-five mortality. Its prevalence has not declined in the last decade in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia. Some individual level factors have been identified as risk factors for LBW but knowledge is limited on contextual risk factors for LBW especially in SSA. Methods: Contextual risk factors for LBW in Ghana were identified by performing multivariable multilevel logistic regression analysis of 6,900 mothers dwelling in 412 communities that participated in the 2003 and 2008 Demographic and Health Surveys in Ghana. Results: Contextual-level factors were significantly associated with LBW: Being a rural dweller increased the likelihood of having a LBW infant by 43% (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.01–2.01; P-value

Suggested Citation

  • Gbenga A Kayode & Mary Amoakoh-Coleman & Irene Akua Agyepong & Evelyn Ansah & Diederick E Grobbee & Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, 2014. "Contextual Risk Factors for Low Birth Weight: A Multilevel Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-8, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0109333
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grady, Sue C., 2006. "Racial disparities in low birthweight and the contribution of residential segregation: A multilevel analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(12), pages 3013-3029, December.
    2. Osypuk, Theresa L. & Bates, Lisa M. & Acevedo-Garcia, Dolores, 2010. "Another Mexican birthweight paradox? The role of residential enclaves and neighborhood poverty in the birthweight of Mexican-origin infants," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(4), pages 550-560, February.
    3. O'Campo, P. & Xue, X. & Wang, M.-C. & Brien Caughy, M.O., 1997. "Neighborhood risk factors for low birthweight in Baltimore: A multilevel analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 87(7), pages 1113-1118.
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    1. Hannah Tappis & Anis Kazi & Waqas Hameed & Zaib Dahar & Anayat Ali & Sohail Agha, 2015. "The Role of Quality Health Services and Discussion about Birth Spacing in Postpartum Contraceptive Use in Sindh, Pakistan: A Multilevel Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Clifford Odimegwu & Marifa Muchemwa & Joshua O. Akinyemi, 2023. "Systematic review of multilevel models involving contextual characteristics in African demographic research," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 1-29, June.

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