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The Time Scale of Internationalisation: The Case of the Container Port Industry

Author

Listed:
  • Daniel Olivier

    (Transport Canada, Strategic Policy, 330 Sparks Street, Ottawa, ON K1A 0N5, Canada.)

  • Francesco Parola

    (Department of Business Studies and Italian Centre of Excellence for Integrated Logistics, University of Genoa, Via Vivaldi 5, 16126, Genoa, Italy.)

  • Brian Slack

    (Department of Geography, Concordia University, 1400 de Maisonneuve W., Montreal, QC H3G 1M8 Canada.)

  • James J Wang

    (University of Hong Kong, Department of Geography, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR.)

Abstract

Institutional change of the 1990s in port sectors worldwide has been followed by the emergence of port investing/operating transnational corporations (TNCs). Yet the supply of investment opportunities may be diminishing and evidence suggests the investment time window is closing. Timing thus becomes a critical component of the internationalisation process of firms. This paper focuses on temporal aspects of internationalisation. It puts immediate emphasis on Asian TNCs since – as latecomers – they have grown to dominate the industry. We perform a longitudinal analysis of TNC behaviour in relation to changes in domestic and foreign market conditions. Constraints of an institutional nature facing TNC entry in foreign markets are forcing firms to ‘leapfrog’ some of the logical sequential phases of internationalisation often assumed by mainstream theory. The degree of openness of foreign markets still largely dictates both opportunities and modalities of private entry. Findings suggest that institutional conditions determine to a large extent what strategic choices may be possible in any given context. Maritime Economics & Logistics (2007) 9, 1–34. doi:10.1057/palgrave.mel.9100169

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Olivier & Francesco Parola & Brian Slack & James J Wang, 2007. "The Time Scale of Internationalisation: The Case of the Container Port Industry," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 9(1), pages 1-34, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:marecl:v:9:y:2007:i:1:p:1-34
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kaselimi, Evangelia N. & Notteboom, Theo E. & Pallis, Athanasios A. & Farrell, Sheila, 2011. "Minimum Efficient Scale (MES) and preferred scale of container terminals," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 71-80.
    2. Soppé, Martin & Parola, Francesco & Frémont, Antoine, 2009. "Emerging inter-industry partnerships between shipping lines and stevedores: from rivalry to cooperation?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 10-20.
    3. Parola, Francesco & Veenstra, Albert W., 2008. "The spatial coverage of shipping lines and container terminal operators," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 16(4), pages 292-299.
    4. Satta, Giovanni & Notteboom, Theo & Parola, Francesco & Persico, Luca, 2017. "Determinants of the long-term performance of initial public offerings (IPOs) in the port industry," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 135-153.
    5. Pallis, Athanasios A. & de Langen, Peter W., 2010. "Seaports and the structural implications of the economic crisis," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 10-18.
    6. Geraldine Knatz & Theo Notteboom & Athanasios A. Pallis, 2022. "Container terminal automation: revealing distinctive terminal characteristics and operating parameters," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 24(3), pages 537-565, September.
    7. Parola, Francesco & Notteboom, Theo & Satta, Giovanni & Rodrigue, Jean-Paul, 2013. "Analysis of factors underlying foreign entry strategies of terminal operators in container ports," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 72-84.
    8. Francesca Medda & Qianwen Liu, 2013. "Determinants and strategies for the development of container terminals," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 40(1), pages 83-98, August.
    9. Theo Notteboom & Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2023. "Maritime container terminal infrastructure, network corporatization, and global terminal operators: Implications for international business policy," Journal of International Business Policy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(1), pages 67-83, March.
    10. Wilmsmeier, Gordon & Monios, Jason & Farfán, Adriana Francesca Ballén, 2021. "Port system evolution in Ecuador – Migration, location splitting or specialisation?," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    11. Athanasios A. Pallis & Francesco Parola & Giovanni Satta & Theo E. Notteboom, 2018. "Private entry in cruise terminal operations in the Mediterranean Sea," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 20(1), pages 1-28, March.
    12. Nuhn Helmut, 2010. "Containerisierung und Globalisierung – Restrukturierung der maritimen Logistikkette," ZFW – Advances in Economic Geography, De Gruyter, vol. 54(1), pages 150-165, October.
    13. van Asperen, E. & Dekker, R., 2010. "Flexibility in Port Selection: A Quantitative Approach Using Floating Stocks," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI 2009-44, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    14. Arkadiusz Malkowski & Agnieszka Malkowska, 2018. "Container Terminal As An Opportunity For Development Of The Peripheral Area," Business Logistics in Modern Management, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Economics, Croatia, vol. 18, pages 389-403.
    15. Wouter Jacobs & Theo Notteboom, 2011. "An Evolutionary Perspective on Regional Port Systems: The Role of Windows of Opportunity in Shaping Seaport Competition," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 43(7), pages 1674-1692, July.
    16. Satta, Giovanni & Parola, Francesco & Persico, Luca, 2014. "Temporal and Spatial Constructs in Service Firms' Internationalization Patterns: The Determinants of the Accelerated Growth of Emerging MNEs," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 20(4), pages 421-435.
    17. Yang, Dong & Notteboom, Theo & Zhou, Xin, 2021. "Spatial, temporal and institutional characteristics of entry strategies in inland container terminals: A comparison between Yangtze River and Rhine River," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    18. Theo Notteboom & Thanos Pallis & Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2021. "Disruptions and resilience in global container shipping and ports: the COVID-19 pandemic versus the 2008–2009 financial crisis," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 23(2), pages 179-210, June.
    19. Ng, Adolf K.Y. & Ducruet, César & Jacobs, Wouter & Monios, Jason & Notteboom, Theo & Rodrigue, Jean-Paul & Slack, Brian & Tam, Ka-chai & Wilmsmeier, Gordon, 2014. "Port geography at the crossroads with human geography: between flows and spaces," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 84-96.
    20. Theo Notteboom & Jean-Paul Rodrigue, 2012. "The corporate geography of global container terminal operators," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(3), pages 249-279, May.
    21. Debrie, Jean & Lavaud-Letilleul, Valérie & Parola, Francesco, 2013. "Shaping port governance: the territorial trajectories of reform," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 56-65.
    22. Panayides, Photis M. & Parola, Francesco & Lam, Jasmine Siu Lee, 2015. "The effect of institutional factors on public–private partnership success in ports," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 110-127.
    23. Giovanni Satta & Francesco Parola & Simone Caschili, 2014. "Dealing with uncertainty and volatility in the port industry network: social and instrumental antecedents of "clique" survival," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(7), pages 615-633, December.
    24. Su-Han Woo & Stephen Pettit & Anthony Beresford & Dong-Wook Kwak, 2012. "Seaport Research: A Decadal Analysis of Trends and Themes Since the 1980s," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 351-377, January.

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