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Sea ice–air interactions amplify multidecadal variability in the North Atlantic and Arctic region

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  • Jiechun Deng

    (Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology)

  • Aiguo Dai

    (University at Albany, State University of New York)

Abstract

Winter surface air temperature (Tas) over the Barents–Kara Seas (BKS) and other Arctic regions has experienced rapid warming since the late 1990s that has been linked to the concurring cooling over Eurasia, and these multidecadal trends are attributed partly to internal variability. However, how such variability is generated is unclear. Through analyses of observations and model simulations, we show that sea ice–air two-way interactions amplify multidecadal variability in sea-ice cover, sea surface temperatures (SST) and Tas from the North Atlantic to BKS, and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) mainly through variations in surface fluxes. When sea ice is fixed in flux calculations, multidecadal variations are reduced substantially (by 20–50%) not only in Arctic Tas, but also in North Atlantic SST and AMOC. The results suggest that sea ice–air interactions are crucial for multidecadal climate variability in both the Arctic and North Atlantic, similar to air-sea interactions for tropical climate.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiechun Deng & Aiguo Dai, 2022. "Sea ice–air interactions amplify multidecadal variability in the North Atlantic and Arctic region," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-29810-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29810-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Aiguo Dai & John C. Fyfe & Shang-Ping Xie & Xingang Dai, 2015. "Decadal modulation of global surface temperature by internal climate variability," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 5(6), pages 555-559, June.
    2. Aiguo Dai & Dehai Luo & Mirong Song & Jiping Liu, 2019. "Arctic amplification is caused by sea-ice loss under increasing CO2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Camille Lique & Matthew D. Thomas, 2018. "Latitudinal shift of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation source regions under a warming climate," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 8(11), pages 1013-1020, November.
    4. Florian Sévellec & Alexey V. Fedorov & Wei Liu, 2017. "Arctic sea-ice decline weakens the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 7(8), pages 604-610, August.
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    1. Binhe Luo & Dehai Luo & Yao Ge & Aiguo Dai & Lin Wang & Ian Simmonds & Cunde Xiao & Lixin Wu & Yao Yao, 2023. "Origins of Barents-Kara sea-ice interannual variability modulated by the Atlantic pathway of El Niño–Southern Oscillation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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