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Functional convalescent plasma antibodies and pre-infusion titers shape the early severe COVID-19 immune response

Author

Listed:
  • Jonathan D. Herman

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

  • Chuangqi Wang

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Carolin Loos

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Hyunah Yoon

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center)

  • Johanna Rivera

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • M. Eugenia Dieterle

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Denise Haslwanter

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Rohit K. Jangra

    (Louisiana State University Health Science Center-Shreveport)

  • Robert H. Bortz

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Katharine J. Bar

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Boris Julg

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

  • Kartik Chandran

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Douglas Lauffenburger

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Liise-anne Pirofski

    (Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center
    Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

  • Galit Alter

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

Abstract

Transfer of convalescent plasma (CP) had been proposed early during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic as an accessible therapy, yet trial results worldwide have been mixed, potentially due to the heterogeneous nature of CP. Here we perform deep profiling of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody titer, Fc-receptor binding, and Fc-mediated functional assays in CP units, as well as in plasma from hospitalized COVID-19 patients before and after CP administration. The profiling results show that, although all recipients exhibit expanded SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immune responses, CP units contain more functional antibodies than recipient plasma. Meanwhile, CP functional profiles influence the evolution of recipient humoral immunity in conjuncture with the recipient’s pre-existing SARS-CoV2-specific antibody titers: CP-derived SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid-specific antibody functions are associated with muted humoral immune evolution in patients with high titer anti-spike IgG. Our data thus provide insights into the unexpected impact of CP-derived functional anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies on the evolution of SARS-CoV-2-specific response following severe infection.

Suggested Citation

  • Jonathan D. Herman & Chuangqi Wang & Carolin Loos & Hyunah Yoon & Johanna Rivera & M. Eugenia Dieterle & Denise Haslwanter & Rohit K. Jangra & Robert H. Bortz & Katharine J. Bar & Boris Julg & Kartik , 2021. "Functional convalescent plasma antibodies and pre-infusion titers shape the early severe COVID-19 immune response," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27201-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27201-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. X. Tong & R. P. McNamara & M. J. Avendaño & E. F. Serrano & T. García-Salum & C. Pardo-Roa & H. L. Bertera & T. M. Chicz & J. Levican & E. Poblete & E. Salinas & A. Muñoz & A. Riquelme & G. Alter & R., 2023. "Waning and boosting of antibody Fc-effector functions upon SARS-CoV-2 vaccination," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

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