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You May Not Reap What You Sow: How Employees’ Moral Awareness Minimizes Ethical Leadership’s Positive Impact on Workplace Deviance

Author

Listed:
  • Kubilay Gok

    (Winona State University)

  • John J. Sumanth

    (Wake Forest University)

  • William H. Bommer

    (California State University-Fresno)

  • Ozgur Demirtas

    (Inonu University)

  • Aykut Arslan

    (Pirireis University)

  • Jared Eberhard

    (Winona State University)

  • Ali Ihsan Ozdemir

    (Abdullah Gul University)

  • Ahmet Yigit

    (Abdullah Gul University)

Abstract

Although a growing body of research has shown the positive impact of ethical leadership on workplace deviance, questions remain as to whether its benefits are consistent across all situations. In this investigation, we explore an important boundary condition of ethical leadership by exploring how employees’ moral awareness may lessen the need for ethical leadership. Drawing on substitutes for leadership theory, we suggest that when individuals already possess a heightened level of moral awareness, ethical leadership’s role in reducing deviant actions may be reduced. However, when individuals lack this strong moral disposition, ethical leadership may be instrumental in inspiring them to reduce their deviant actions. To enhance the external validity and generalizability of our findings, the current research used two large field samples of working professionals in both Turkey and the USA. Results suggest that ethical leadership’s positive influence on workplace deviance is dependent upon the individual’s moral awareness—helpful for those employees whose moral awareness is low, but not high. Thus, our investigation helps to build theory around the contingencies of ethical leadership and the specific audience for whom it may be more (or less) influential.

Suggested Citation

  • Kubilay Gok & John J. Sumanth & William H. Bommer & Ozgur Demirtas & Aykut Arslan & Jared Eberhard & Ali Ihsan Ozdemir & Ahmet Yigit, 2017. "You May Not Reap What You Sow: How Employees’ Moral Awareness Minimizes Ethical Leadership’s Positive Impact on Workplace Deviance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 146(2), pages 257-277, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:146:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s10551-017-3655-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-017-3655-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhen Wang & Lu Xing & Haoying Xu & Sean T. Hannah, 2021. "Not All Followers Socially Learn from Ethical Leaders: The Roles of Followers’ Moral Identity and Leader Identification in the Ethical Leadership Process," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 170(3), pages 449-469, May.
    2. Michael S. Aßländer & Tobias Gössling, 2017. "Thematic Symposium: Business Ethics, Peace and Environmental Issues (T0004)," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 146(2), pages 255-256, December.
    3. Al Halbusi, Hussam & Ruiz-Palomino, Pablo & Williams, Kent A., 2023. "Ethical leadership, subordinates’ moral identity and self-control: Two- and three-way interaction effect on subordinates’ ethical behavior," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    4. Erik G. Helzer & Taya R. Cohen & Yeonjeong Kim, 2023. "The Character Lens: A Person-Centered Perspective on Moral Recognition and Ethical Decision-Making," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 182(2), pages 483-500, January.
    5. Zhe Zhang & Xingze Jia, 2023. "No Time for Ethics: How and When Time Pressure Leads to Abusive Supervisory Behavior," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 188(4), pages 807-825, December.
    6. Seriki, Olalekan K. & Nath, Pravin & Ingene, Charles A. & Evans, Kenneth R., 2020. "How complexity impacts salesperson counterproductive behavior: The mediating role of moral disengagement," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 324-335.
    7. Yu-Shan Huang & Shuqin Wei & Tyson Ang, 2022. "The Role of Customer Perceived Ethicality in Explaining the Impact of Incivility Among Employees on Customer Unethical Behavior and Customer Citizenship Behavior," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 178(2), pages 519-535, June.
    8. Chenghao Men & Patrick S. W. Fong & Weiwei Huo & Jing Zhong & Ruiqian Jia & Jinlian Luo, 2020. "Ethical Leadership and Knowledge Hiding: A Moderated Mediation Model of Psychological Safety and Mastery Climate," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 166(3), pages 461-472, October.
    9. Sean R. Valentine & Sheila K. Hanson & Gary M. Fleischman, 2019. "The Presence of Ethics Codes and Employees’ Internal Locus of Control, Social Aversion/Malevolence, and Ethical Judgment of Incivility: A Study of Smaller Organizations," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 160(3), pages 657-674, December.
    10. Matthew J. Quade & Sara J. Perry & Emily M. Hunter, 2019. "Boundary Conditions of Ethical Leadership: Exploring Supervisor-Induced and Job Hindrance Stress as Potential Inhibitors," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 158(4), pages 1165-1184, September.
    11. Seher Uçkun & Aykut Arslan & Serdar Yener, 2020. "Could CSR Practices Increase Employee Affective Commitment via Moral Attentiveness?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-17, October.

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