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Mindfulness Abilities Are Associated with Anxiety Levels, Emotional Intelligence, and Perceived Self-Efficacy

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  • Inés Martínez-Pérez

    (Departamento de Medicina Legal, Toxicología y Antropología Forense, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Almudena García-Rodríguez

    (Departamento de Medicina Legal, Toxicología y Antropología Forense, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain)

  • Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez

    (Department of Educational and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain)

  • José Manuel Pérez-Mármol

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), 18016 Granada, Spain)

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between anxiety, emotional intelligence, perceived self-efficacy, and mindfulness abilities. A total of 205 Spanish university students were assessed for mindfulness (Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory-14), state-trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), emotional intelligence (Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24), and general perceived self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale). The Student’s t -test was used to evaluate the possible differences between sexes for the study variables. Multiple regression analyses were conducted for each sex independently to evaluate the relationship between mindfulness and the other psychological variables, using mindfulness dimensions as a dependent variable. The results showed significant differences between females and males in mindfulness dimensions of self-control ( p < 0.001) and acceptance ( p = 0.012), and state ( p = 0.005) and trait anxiety ( p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the models for the relationship between mindfulness dimensions (attention, self-control, acceptance, and self-perception) and the other variables differed between females and males. Our results suggest that anxiety, emotional intelligence, and general perceived self-efficacy may be related to mindfulness abilities among a sample of Spanish university students. These findings could inform the development of targeted intervention programs to improve these psycho-emotional abilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Inés Martínez-Pérez & Almudena García-Rodríguez & Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez & José Manuel Pérez-Mármol, 2023. "Mindfulness Abilities Are Associated with Anxiety Levels, Emotional Intelligence, and Perceived Self-Efficacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:4729-:d:1090187
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yu Wang & Feng Kong, 2014. "The Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Impact of Mindfulness on Life Satisfaction and Mental Distress," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 116(3), pages 843-852, May.
    2. Nerea Jiménez-Picón & Macarena Romero-Martín & José Antonio Ponce-Blandón & Lucia Ramirez-Baena & Juan Carlos Palomo-Lara & Juan Gómez-Salgado, 2021. "The Relationship between Mindfulness and Emotional Intelligence as a Protective Factor for Healthcare Professionals: Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-14, May.
    3. Francisco Manuel Morales-Rodríguez & Isabel Espigares-López & Ted Brown & José Manuel Pérez-Mármol, 2020. "The Relationship between Psychological Well-Being and Psychosocial Factors in University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-21, July.
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