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Compliance with COVID-19 Regulations among Palestinian Citizens of Israel in the Context of Social Norms and Gender Roles

Author

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  • Mohammad Khatib

    (The Galilee Society, The Arab National Society for Health Research & Services, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel
    School of Public Health, Faculty of Welfare and Health Studies, Haifa University, Haifa 3103301, Israel
    Department of Nursing, Zefat Academic College, Zefat 13206, Israel)

  • Ivonne Mansbach-Kleinfeld

    (The Galilee Society, The Arab National Society for Health Research & Services, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel)

  • Doaa Zaid

    (The Galilee Society, The Arab National Society for Health Research & Services, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel)

  • Anneke Ifrah

    (Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem 9446724, Israel)

  • Malik Yousef

    (Department of Information Systems, Zefat Academic College, Zefat 13206, Israel)

  • Ahmad Sheikh Muhammad

    (The Galilee Society, The Arab National Society for Health Research & Services, Shefa-Amr 20200, Israel)

Abstract

This paper examines the compliance with official recommendations to restrict COVID-19 contagion during the second wave (August–November 2020) among a sample of Palestinian citizens of Israel ( N = 1536), aged 18 or more. The dependent variables included the compliance with keeping social distance, using masks, washing hands, avoiding social gatherings, and unnecessary shopping. The independent variables included sociodemographic and health-related factors and beliefs regarding the susceptibility to and seriousness of COVID-19. Special attention was paid to analyzing the content of the recommendations and the behavioral changes required vis-à-vis the norms and values of the population studied. Factor and content analyses yielded two distinct sets of recommendations, which were conceptualized as ‘Adopting New Behaviors’ and ‘Renouncing Usual Behaviors’. Compliance rates for the adoption of new behaviors ranged between 80.5 and 90.3% and were higher in women than men ( p < 0.002; p < 0.001; p < 0.001). Compliance rates for the renunciation of usual behaviors ranged between 47.1 and 60.4%. Educational level was positively associated with the compliance with recommendations requiring the renouncing of usual behaviors among men but not among women. The particular values and gender norms and the culture-based reasons for noncompliance among minority populations that were proposed using this method must be identified so that they inform authorities’ strategies to increase compliance with recommendations.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Khatib & Ivonne Mansbach-Kleinfeld & Doaa Zaid & Anneke Ifrah & Malik Yousef & Ahmad Sheikh Muhammad, 2023. "Compliance with COVID-19 Regulations among Palestinian Citizens of Israel in the Context of Social Norms and Gender Roles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-21, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:14:p:11354-:d:1199222
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    References listed on IDEAS

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