IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i7p4055-d782379.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Agritourism as an Alternative On-Farm Enterprise for Small U.S. Farms: Examining Factors Influencing the Agritourism Decisions of Small Farms

Author

Listed:
  • Reginald Holland

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA)

  • Aditya R. Khanal

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA)

  • Purushottam Dhungana

    (Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA)

Abstract

This study examines the adoption of agritourism by small farms in the U.S. Using primary survey data collected from small farms in Tennessee in 2020, we assessed adopter characteristics and investigated the factors influencing the farmers’ decision to adopt or add agritourism-related activities, including recreational, educational, and touristic attractions in the farm. We found that factors such as social media marketing, smartphone use in farm activities, and having farm insurance significantly increased the likelihood of agritourism adoption in addition to other demographic factors. Additionally, we found that a farmer’s perceived survival risk positively influences small farms to adopt agritourism. Small farms with survival challenges in the U.S. could consider agritourism as an enterprise to enhance their economic sustainability by utilizing touristic aspects of farming, rural landscape, and agriculture.

Suggested Citation

  • Reginald Holland & Aditya R. Khanal & Purushottam Dhungana, 2022. "Agritourism as an Alternative On-Farm Enterprise for Small U.S. Farms: Examining Factors Influencing the Agritourism Decisions of Small Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4055-:d:782379
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4055/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/7/4055/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joo, Hyunjeong & Khanal, Aditya R. & Mishra, Ashok K., 2013. "Farmers’ Participation in Agritourism: Does It Affect the Bottom Line?," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 42(3), pages 471-490, December.
    2. Fernando Reinaldo Ribeiro & Arlindo Silva & Fernando Barbosa & Ana Paula Silva & José Carlos Metrôlho, 2018. "Mobile applications for accessible tourism: overview, challenges and a proposed platform," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 29-59, June.
    3. Bagi, Faqir Singh & Reeder, Richard J., 2012. "Factors Affecting Farmer Participation in Agritourism," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 41(2), pages 189-199, August.
    4. Tew, Christine & Barbieri, Carla, 2012. "The perceived benefits of agritourism: The provider’s perspective," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 215-224.
    5. Khanal, Aditya R. & Mishra, Ashok K. & Omobitan, Omobolaji, 2019. "Examining organic, agritourism,and agri-environmental diversification decisions of American farms: are these decisions interlinked?," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), vol. 100(1-4), October.
    6. Omobolaji Omobitan & Aditya R. Khanal, 2022. "Examining Farm Financial Management: How Do Small US Farms Meet Their Agricultural Expenses?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, March.
    7. Khanal, Aditya R. & Omobitan, Omobolaji, 2020. "Rural Finance, Capital Constrained Small Farms, and Financial Performance: Findings from a Primary Survey," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 52(2), pages 288-307, May.
    8. Pilar, Ladislav & Pokorna, J. & Balcarová, T. & Hron, Jan, 2012. "Factors Determining the Entry of Agricultural Farms into Agritourism," AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Economics and Management, vol. 4(4), pages 1-7, December.
    9. Ohe, Yasuo, 2002. "Evaluating Household Leisure Behaviour of Rural Tourism in Japan," 2002 International Congress, August 28-31, 2002, Zaragoza, Spain 24932, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    10. Sudip Adhikari & Aditya R. Khanal, 2021. "Economic Sustainability and Multiple Risk Management Strategies: Examining Interlinked Decisions of Small American Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, February.
    11. Hoppe, Robert A. & MacDonald, James M. & Korb, Penelope J., 2010. "Small Farms in the United States: Persistence Under Pressure," Economic Information Bulletin 58300, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    12. Aditya R. Khanal & Ashok K. Mishra, 2014. "Agritourism and off-farm work: survival strategies for small farms," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(S1), pages 65-76, November.
    13. Joo, Hyunjeong & Khanal, Aditya R. & Mishra, Ashok K., 2013. "Farmers’ Participation in Agritourism: Does It Affect the Bottom Line?," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 42(3), pages 1-20, December.
    14. Khanal, Aditya R. & Honey, Ummey & Omobitan, Omobolaji, 2020. "Diversification through ‘fun in the farm’: analyzing structural factors affecting agritourism in Tennessee," International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, International Food and Agribusiness Management Association, vol. 23(1).
    15. Di Domenico, MariaLaura & Miller, Graham, 2012. "Farming and tourism enterprise: Experiential authenticity in the diversification of independent small-scale family farming," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 285-294.
    16. Whitt, Christine E. & Todd, Jessica E. & MacDonald, James M., 2020. "America's Diverse Family Farms: 2020 Edition - EIB-220," Amber Waves:The Economics of Food, Farming, Natural Resources, and Rural America, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, vol. 2020, December.
    17. Bagi, Faqir Singh & Reeder, Richard J., 2012. "Factors Affecting Farmer Participation in Agritourism," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association, vol. 41(2), pages 1-11, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Aditya R. Khanal & Ashok K. Mishra & Omobolaji Omobitan, 2019. "Examining organic, agritourism, and agri-environmental diversification decisions of American farms: are these decisions interlinked?," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, Springer, vol. 100(1), pages 27-45, December.
    2. Aditya R. Khanal & Ashok K. Mishra, 2014. "Agritourism and off-farm work: survival strategies for small farms," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(S1), pages 65-76, November.
    3. Matthias Firgo & Dieter Pennerstorfer, 2023. "The causal effect of agritourism on farm survival," Economics working papers 2023-15, Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria.
    4. Yawen Lu & Binbin Li, 2021. "Research on Regional Differences of the Leisure Agriculture’s Impact on Farmers’ Income—An Empirical Analysis Based on Nonlinear Threshold Regression," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-19, July.
    5. Omobolaji Omobitan & Aditya R. Khanal, 2022. "Examining Farm Financial Management: How Do Small US Farms Meet Their Agricultural Expenses?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Andrzej Tucki & Korneliusz Pylak, 2021. "Collective or Individual? What Types of Tourism Reduce Economic Inequality in Peripheral Regions?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, April.
    7. Khanal, Aditya & Mishra, Ashok, 2015. "Interlinked diversification strategies: Evidence from farm business households," 2015 Annual Meeting, January 31-February 3, 2015, Atlanta, Georgia 196860, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    8. Sudip Adhikari & Aditya R. Khanal, 2021. "Economic Sustainability and Multiple Risk Management Strategies: Examining Interlinked Decisions of Small American Farms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, February.
    9. Khanal, Aditya R. & Mishra, Ashok & Koirala, Krishna H., 2014. "Participation in Agritourism and Off-farm Work: Do Small Farms Benefit?," 2014 Annual Meeting, February 1-4, 2014, Dallas, Texas 162453, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
    10. Boncinelli, Fabio & Bartolini, Fabio & Casini, Leonardo, 2018. "Structural factors of labour allocation for farm diversification activities," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 204-212.
    11. Alieh Abadi & Mehdi Khakzand, 2022. "Extracting the qualitative dimensions of agritourism for the sustainable development of Charqoli village in Iran: the promotion of vernacular entrepreneurship and environment-oriented preservation per," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(11), pages 12609-12671, November.
    12. Brunella Arru & Roberto Furesi & Fabio A. Madau & Pietro Pulina, 2019. "Recreational Services Provision and Farm Diversification: A Technical Efficiency Analysis on Italian Agritourism," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-15, February.
    13. Anna Tafidou & Evgenia Lialia & Angelos Prentzas & Asimina Kouriati & Eleni Dimitriadou & Christina Moulogianni & Thomas Bournaris, 2023. "Land Diversification and Its Contribution to Farms’ Income," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-12, April.
    14. Khairabadi, Omid & Sajadzadeh, Hassan & Mohammadianmansoor, Saheb, 2020. "Assessment and evaluation of tourism activities with emphasis on agritourism: The case of simin region in Hamedan City," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    15. Vincenzo Giaccio & Luigi Mastronardi & Davide Marino & Agostino Giannelli & Alfonso Scardera, 2018. "Do Rural Policies Impact on Tourism Development in Italy? A Case Study of Agritourism," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-12, August.
    16. Elide Di-Clemente & José Manuel Hernández-Mogollón & Tomás López-Guzmán, 2020. "Culinary Tourism as An Effective Strategy for a Profitable Cooperation between Agriculture and Tourism," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-15, March.
    17. Chadley R. Hollas & Lisa Chase & David Conner & Lori Dickes & R. David Lamie & Claudia Schmidt & Doolarie Singh-Knights & Lindsay Quella, 2021. "Factors Related to Profitability of Agritourism in the United States: Results from a National Survey of Operators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, December.
    18. Jiaxing Cui & Ruihao Li & Lingyu Zhang & Ying Jing, 2021. "Spatially Illustrating Leisure Agriculture: Empirical Evidence from Picking Orchards in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-20, June.
    19. Van Sandt, Anders T. & Costanigro, Marco & Thilmany McFadden, Dawn D., 2017. "The Impact of Consumer Heterogeneity and Surrounding Amenities in Determining Traveler Behavior: A Choice Experiment on Agritourism," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 259118, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    20. Elbek Togaymurodov & Michał Roman & Piotr Prus, 2023. "Opportunities and Directions of Development of Agritourism: Evidence from Samarkand Region," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-12, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4055-:d:782379. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.