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Does Particle Size in Nanofluid Synthesis Affect Their Performance as Heat Transfer Fluid in Flat Plate Collectors?—An Energy and Exergy Analysis

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  • Ayomide Titus Ogungbemi

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey)

  • Humphrey Adun

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey)

  • Michael Adedeji

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey)

  • Doga Kavaz

    (Bioengineering Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Haspolat-Lefkosa, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey)

  • Mustafa Dagbasi

    (Energy Systems Engineering Department, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, Nicosia 99258, Turkey)

Abstract

A flat-plate collector is one of the most common solar collector systems due to its comparatively lower cost and maintenance. However, the performance of this type of collector is low; thus, research studies in the past decades have focused on improving its efficiency through various plate configurations and efficient working fluids. This study recognizes the research gap regarding the influence of nanoparticle shapes and their effects on improving the heat transfer properties in flat-plate collectors. In this study, fly ash nanofluid at 0.5% (with a range of nanoparticle sizes) was used as a working fluid to investigate the performance of a flat-plate collector. This study analyzed the behavior of the collector system via a range of Reynolds numbers in its laminar regime, between 800 and 2000. The results measured in this study showed that the maximum energy efficiency measured was 73.8%, which was recorded for the fly ash nanofluid at a nanoparticle size of 11.5 nm. At a Reynolds number of 2000, the fly ash nanofluid with a nanoparticle size of 11.5 nm showed a top heat loss coefficient of 4.78 W/m 2 K, while the top heat loss coefficient of a nanoparticle size (NPS) of 114 nm was 5.17 W/m 2 K. This study provides a framework for the significance of the nanoparticle size in the synthesis of nanofluids in both mono and hybrid composites and application in solar collector systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Ayomide Titus Ogungbemi & Humphrey Adun & Michael Adedeji & Doga Kavaz & Mustafa Dagbasi, 2022. "Does Particle Size in Nanofluid Synthesis Affect Their Performance as Heat Transfer Fluid in Flat Plate Collectors?—An Energy and Exergy Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:16:p:10429-:d:894569
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saffarian, Mohammad Reza & Moravej, Mojtaba & Doranehgard, Mohammad Hossein, 2020. "Heat transfer enhancement in a flat plate solar collector with different flow path shapes using nanofluid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2316-2329.
    2. Akram, Naveed & Montazer, Elham & Kazi, S.N. & Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. & Ahmed, Waqar & Zubir, Mohd Nashrul Mohd & Afzal, Asif & Muhammad, Mohd Ridha & Ali, Hafiz Muhammad & Márquez, Fausto Pedro , 2021. "Experimental investigations of the performance of a flat-plate solar collector using carbon and metal oxides based nanofluids," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    3. Humphrey ADUN & Mustapha Mukhtar & Micheal Adedeji & Terfa Agwa & Kefas Hyelda Ibrahim & Olusola Bamisile & Mustafa Dagbasi, 2021. "Synthesis and Application of Ternary Nanofluid for Photovoltaic-Thermal System: Comparative Analysis of Energy and Exergy Performance with Single and Hybrid Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-26, July.
    4. Yousefi, Tooraj & Veysi, Farzad & Shojaeizadeh, Ehsan & Zinadini, Sirus, 2012. "An experimental investigation on the effect of Al2O3–H2O nanofluid on the efficiency of flat-plate solar collectors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 293-298.
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    2. Anil Kumar & Rajesh Maithani & Sachin Sharma & Sunil Kumar & Mohsen Sharifpur & Tabish Alam & Naveen Kumar Gupta & Sayed M. Eldin, 2022. "Effect of Dimpled Rib with Arc Pattern on Hydrothermal Characteristics of Al 2 O 3 -H 2 O Nanofluid Flow in a Square Duct," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.

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