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Numerical Experiments on Low Impact Development for Urban Resilience Index

Author

Listed:
  • Hao-Che Ho

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Hong-Yuan Lee

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Yao-Jung Tsai

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

  • Yuan-Shun Chang

    (Department of Civil Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan)

Abstract

Low impact development (LID) has become one of the strategies that effectively mitigate the impacts of climate change. In addition to the ability to reduce nonpoint source (NPS) pollution caused by flash floods from the surface runoff, LID has also been applied to control water quantity under extreme rainfall events. Due to the fact that studies about LID configuration optimization tended to control water quantity and gradually ignored the main functions of water quality treatment, this study aims to consider water quantity and quality to estimate the benefits and optimal configuration of LID by Non-Dominated Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). In addition, regarding to the outlet peak flow, hydrologic footprint residence (HFR) was considered to be the water quantity indicator due to the ability to represent the dynamics of flow changes, and the modified quality indicator (Mass Emission First Flush ratio, MEFF 30 ) was corrected to represent the pollutant transport process in a large catchment area. The results show that the flood and MEFF 30 reduction rate of LID are inversely proportional to rainfall duration and intensity. The benefit of pollutant reduction, which can still be maintained by 20% and 15% under a big return period and the long duration was about three times than the quantity control. Taking the cost into account, although the rain barrel had the best effect of reduction per unit area, green roofs and permeable pavements had a higher unit cost reduction rate due to the lower costs. The upper and middle reaches of the open channel and the confluence of rainwater sewers should be the optimal LID configuration to achieve the benefits of both flood and pollution reduction.

Suggested Citation

  • Hao-Che Ho & Hong-Yuan Lee & Yao-Jung Tsai & Yuan-Shun Chang, 2022. "Numerical Experiments on Low Impact Development for Urban Resilience Index," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8696-:d:863808
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fei Li & Xu-Feng Yan & Huan-Feng Duan, 2019. "Sustainable Design of Urban Stormwater Drainage Systems by Implementing Detention Tank and LID Measures for Flooding Risk Control and Water Quality Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 33(9), pages 3271-3288, July.
    2. Rajesh Singh & Mohammed Baz & Anita Gehlot & Mamoon Rashid & Manpreet Khurana & Shaik Vaseem Akram & Sultan S. Alshamrani & Ahmed Saeed AlGhamdi, 2021. "Water Quality Monitoring and Management of Building Water Tank Using Industrial Internet of Things," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-26, July.
    3. Anil Misra, 2011. "Impact of Urbanization on the Hydrology of Ganga Basin (India)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(2), pages 705-719, January.
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