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Optimizing of Microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Production in Wet Market Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology

Author

Listed:
  • Najeeha Mohd Apandi

    (Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Johor 84600, Malaysia)

  • Mimi Suliza Muhamad

    (Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Johor 84600, Malaysia)

  • Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed

    (Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built and Environment, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia)

  • Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar

    (Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Johor 84600, Malaysia)

  • Adel Al-Gheethi

    (Micro-Pollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built and Environment, University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor 86400, Malaysia)

  • Paran Gani

    (Faculty of Science and Technology Quest International University Perak, N. 227, Plaza The Teng Seng (Level 2), Jalan Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Perak 30250, Malaysia)

  • Fahmi A. Rahman

    (Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Pagoh Education Hub, Pagoh, Johor 84600, Malaysia)

Abstract

The present study aimed to optimize the production of Scenedesmus sp. biomass during the phycoremediation process. The biomass productivity was optimized using face centred central composite design (FCCCD) in response surface methodology (RSM) as a function of two independent variables that included wet market wastewater concentrations ( A ) with a range of 10% to 75% and aeration rate ( B ) with a range of 0.02 to 4.0 L/min. The results revealed that the highest biomass productivity (73 mg/L/d) and maximum growth rate (1.19 day −1 ) was achieved with the 64.26% of ( A ) and 3.08 L/min of ( B ). The GC-MS composition analysis of the biomass yield extract revealed that the major compounds are hexadecane (25%), glaucine (16.2%), and phytol (8.33%). The presence of these compounds suggests that WMW has the potential to be used as a production medium for Scenedesmus sp. Biomass, which has several applications in the pharmaceutical and chemical industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Najeeha Mohd Apandi & Mimi Suliza Muhamad & Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed & Norshuhaila Mohamed Sunar & Adel Al-Gheethi & Paran Gani & Fahmi A. Rahman, 2021. "Optimizing of Microalgae Scenedesmus sp. Biomass Production in Wet Market Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:4:p:2216-:d:501776
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rawat, I. & Ranjith Kumar, R. & Mutanda, T. & Bux, F., 2011. "Dual role of microalgae: Phycoremediation of domestic wastewater and biomass production for sustainable biofuels production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3411-3424.
    2. Jack P. C. Kleijnen, 2015. "Response Surface Methodology," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Michael C Fu (ed.), Handbook of Simulation Optimization, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 81-104, Springer.
    3. Singh, S.P. & Singh, Priyanka, 2015. "Effect of temperature and light on the growth of algae species: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 431-444.
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