IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i16p8806-d609740.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Relationship between Cities’ Cultural Strength, Reputation, and Tourism Intensity: Empirical Evidence on a Sample of the Best-Reputable European Cities

Author

Listed:
  • Vladimir Pavković

    (The College of Tourism Belgrade, Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, Bulevar Zorana Đinđića 152a, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Darjan Karabašević

    (Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Jevrejska 24, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Jelena Jević

    (The College of Tourism Belgrade, Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, Bulevar Zorana Đinđića 152a, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Goran Jević

    (The College of Tourism Belgrade, Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, Bulevar Zorana Đinđića 152a, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia)

Abstract

As the social phenomenon that takes into account cultural venues and facilities and cultural participation and attractiveness, the cultural strength of a city is a significant dimension of each city relevant for its inhabitants, as well as its visitors. The results of a research study on the nature of the relationship between cultural strength, on the one hand, and reputation and tourism intensity, on the other, are presented in this paper on a sample of the 20 European cities with the best reputation index according to the report entitled “The World’s Most Reputable Cities” (2018 City RepTrak ® ). The primary goal of the study is to determine the relationship between the cultural strength and reputation of these cities. The secondary goals are focused on determining the relationship between cultural venues and facilities as a segment of cultural strength and tourism intensity. The methodology used in the study comprises: the definition and analysis of the city reputation concept, as well as the determination of the differences in comparison with the reputation of an urban tourism destination, the identification of the constituents of the cultural strength of the cities and their role in tourist attractions, and finally, the investigation of the nature of the relationship between cultural strength, on the one hand, and tourism intensity, on the other. In order to conduct the analysis of these relationships and their interdependence, correlation and regression analyses are used. One of the conclusions of the paper is that cultural venues and facilities are not connected with the reputation of cities, whereas the correlation regarding cultural participation and attractiveness is confirmed. The results of the study also show the most important “cultural venues and facilities” indicator in relation to tourism intensity. In terms of this and based on the obtained research results of the study, the role that cultural strength plays in positioning cities in stakeholders’ perception through the strategic process of the creation and management of cities’ reputation, as well as the tourism attractiveness of cities and a consequent increase in the number of tourists as important stakeholders and ensuring their satisfaction, are presented in the paper.

Suggested Citation

  • Vladimir Pavković & Darjan Karabašević & Jelena Jević & Goran Jević, 2021. "The Relationship between Cities’ Cultural Strength, Reputation, and Tourism Intensity: Empirical Evidence on a Sample of the Best-Reputable European Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8806-:d:609740
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/16/8806/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/16/8806/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ashworth, Gregory & Page, Stephen J., 2011. "Urban tourism research: Recent progress and current paradoxes," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 1-15.
    2. Oksana Tokarchuk & Roberto Gabriele & Oswin Maurer, 2017. "Development of city tourism and well-being of urban residents," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(2), pages 343-359, March.
    3. Bart Neuts, 2020. "Tourism and urban economic growth: A panel analysis of German cities," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(3), pages 519-527, May.
    4. Astrid Dickinger & Lidija Lalicic, 2016. "An analysis of destination brand personality and emotions: a comparison study," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 317-340, January.
    5. Margarida Rodrigues & Mário Franco, 2018. "Measuring the Performance in Creative Cities: Proposal of a Multidimensional Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-21, November.
    6. Justo De Jorge-Moreno & Virignia De Jorge-Huertas, 2020. "Measuring European cultural and creative cities efficiency: a metafrontier DEA approach," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 47(4), pages 891-909, March.
    7. Carlisle, Sheena & Johansen, Aleksander & Kunc, Martin, 2016. "Strategic foresight for (coastal) urban tourism market complexity: The case of Bournemouth," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 81-95.
    8. Pedro Torres & Pedro Godinho, 2020. "The influence of city reputation on T-KIBS concentration," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(10), pages 1960-1978, October.
    9. Inga Hardeck & Rebecca Hertl, 2014. "Consumer Reactions to Corporate Tax Strategies: Effects on Corporate Reputation and Purchasing Behavior," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 123(2), pages 309-326, August.
    10. Juan B. Delgado-García & Esther de Quevedo-Puente & Virginia Blanco-Mazagatos, 2018. "The impact of city reputation on city performance," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(8), pages 1098-1110, August.
    11. Farrelly, Francis & Kock, Florian & Josiassen, Alexander, 2019. "Cultural heritage authenticity: A producer view," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    12. Sarath Divisekera, 2013. "Tourism Demand Models: Concepts And Theories," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Clement A Tisdell (ed.), Handbook of Tourism Economics Analysis, New Applications and Case Studies, chapter 2, pages 33-66, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    13. Vlastelica, Tamara & Kostic, Slavica Cicvaric & Okanovic, Milan & Milosavljevic, Milos, 2018. "How Corporate Social Responsibility Affects Corporate Reputation: Evidence from an Emerging Market," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 23(1), pages 10-29.
    14. Philipp Schäfer & Tobias Just, 2018. "Does urban tourism attractiveness affect young adult migration in Germany?," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(1), pages 68-90, February.
    15. Torre, Andrew & Scarborough, Helen, 2017. "Reconsidering the estimation of the economic impact of cultural tourism," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 621-629.
    16. Ross, David & Saxena, Gunjan, 2019. "Participative co-creation of archaeological heritage: Case insights on creative tourism in Alentejo, Portugal," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    17. Antón, Carmen & Camarero, Carmen & Garrido, María-José, 2018. "A journey through the museum: Visit factors that prevent or further visitor satiation," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 48-61.
    18. Salman Khan & Jacques Digout, 2018. "The Corporate Reputation Reporting Framework (CRRF)," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 22-36, February.
    19. Pardo-García, C. & Coll-Serrano, V. & Rausell-Köster, P. & Pérez Bustamante-Yábar, D., 2018. "Cultural attitudes and tourist destination prescription," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 59-61.
    20. Aspa Gospodini, 2001. "Urban Design, Urban Space Morphology, Urban Tourism: An Emerging New Paradigm Concerning Their Relationship," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(7), pages 925-934, October.
    21. Delgado García, Juan Bautista & De Quevedo Puente, Esther, 2016. "The complex link of city reputation and city performance. Results for fsQCA analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(8), pages 2830-2839.
    22. Martinez, Richard J. & Norman, Patricia M., 2004. "Whither reputation? The effects of different stakeholders," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 47(5), pages 25-32.
    23. Debora E. Vollebregt, 2018. "The Value of Nothing: Reconciling Cultural Capital in Society," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(4), pages 139-152, December.
    24. Mercedes Mareque & Elena de Prada Creo & Marcos Álvarez-Díaz, 2021. "Exploring Creative Tourism Based on the Cultural and Creative Cities (C3) Index and Using Bootstrap Confidence Intervals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-17, May.
    25. Marinao Artigas, Enrique & Vilches-Montero, Sonia & Chasco Yrigoyen, Coro, 2015. "Antecedents of tourism destination reputation: The mediating role of familiarity," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 147-152.
    26. María García-Hernández & Manuel De la Calle-Vaquero & Claudia Yubero, 2017. "Cultural Heritage and Urban Tourism: Historic City Centres under Pressure," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-19, August.
    27. Christian Rogerson, 2002. "Urban tourism in the developing world: The case of Johannesburg," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(1), pages 169-190.
    28. Oksana Tokarchuk & Roberto Gabriele & Oswin Maurer, 2016. "Tourism intensity impact on satisfaction with life of German residents," Tourism Economics, , vol. 22(6), pages 1315-1331, December.
    29. Hsu, Shih-Yun & Dehuang, Ning & Woodside, Arch G., 2009. "Storytelling research of consumers' self-reports of urban tourism experiences in China," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(12), pages 1223-1254, December.
    30. Beritelli, Pietro & Laesser, Christian, 2011. "Power dimensions and influence reputation in tourist destinations: Empirical evidence from a network of actors and stakeholders," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 1299-1309.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Panasiuk Aleksander, 2020. "Policy of Sustainable Development of Urban Tourism," Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Sciendo, vol. 27(2), pages 33-37, June.
    2. Christian M Rogerson, 2013. "Urban tourism, economic regeneration and inclusion: Evidence from South Africa," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 28(2), pages 188-202, March.
    3. Antonella Lerario & Silvia Di Turi, 2018. "Sustainable Urban Tourism: Reflections on the Need for Building-Related Indicators," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-25, June.
    4. Aleksandra Łapko & Aleksander Panasiuk & Roma Strulak-Wójcikiewicz & Marek Landowski, 2020. "The State of Air Pollution as a Factor Determining the Assessment of a City’s Tourist Attractiveness—Based on the Opinions of Polish Respondents," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-21, February.
    5. Katarzyna Przybyła & Alina Kulczyk-Dynowska, 2018. "Transformations and the Level of Tourist Function Development in Polish Voivodeship Capital Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Orly Carvache-Franco & Otto Regalado Pezúa & Gabriela Sirkis, 2021. "Turismo urbano en Latinoamérica. Análisis de los factores determinantes en el atractivo de las ciudades," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 795, Universidad del CEMA.
    7. Cheng Shi & Yujia Zhai & Dongying Li, 2023. "Urban tourists’ spatial distribution and subgroup identification in a metropolis --the examination applying mobile signaling data and latent profile analysis," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 453-476, September.
    8. Gabriela Sirkis & Otto Regalado-Pezúa & Orly Carvache-Franco & Wilmer Carvache-Franco, 2022. "The Determining Factors of Attractiveness in Urban Tourism: A Study in Mexico City, Buenos Aires, Bogota, and Lima," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-18, June.
    9. Agnieszka Stacherzak & Maria Hełdak, 2019. "Borough Development Dependent on Agricultural, Tourism, and Economy Levels," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-16, January.
    10. Carlos Martínez-Hernández & Claudia Yubero, 2019. "Explaining Urban Sustainability to Teachers in Training through a Geographical Analysis of Tourism Gentrification in Europe," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, December.
    11. Annadurai Arumugam & Senthilkumar Nakkeeran & Rajalakshmi Subramaniam, 2023. "Exploring the Factors Influencing Heritage Tourism Development: A Model Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-18, August.
    12. Felix Amoah & Laetitia Radder & Marlà van Eyk, 2018. "A Comparison of Rural and Urban Tourism Experiences: A South African Example," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 10(2), pages 239-249.
    13. Hao Chen & Min Wang & Shanting Zheng, 2022. "Research on the Spatial Network Effect of Urban Tourism Flows from Shanghai Disneyland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, October.
    14. Ibon Aranburu & Beatriz Plaza & Marisol Esteban, 2016. "Sustainable Cultural Tourism in Urban Destinations: Does Space Matter?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-14, July.
    15. Blanca García Henche & Erica Salvaj & Pedro Cuesta-Valiño, 2020. "A Sustainable Management Model for Cultural Creative Tourism Ecosystems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-21, November.
    16. Silvia Cerisola & Elisa Panzera, 2022. "Cultural participation in Cultural and Creative Cities: Positive regional outcomes and potential congestion concerns," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 101(6), pages 1245-1261, December.
    17. Kotus, Jacek & Rzeszewski, Michał & Ewertowski, Wojciech, 2015. "Tourists in the spatial structures of a big Polish city: Development of an uncontrolled patchwork or concentric spheres?," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 98-110.
    18. Ko Koens & Albert Postma & Bernadett Papp, 2018. "Is Overtourism Overused? Understanding the Impact of Tourism in a City Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-15, November.
    19. Wannipa Koodsela & Huang Dong & Kassara Sukpatch, 2019. "A Holistic Conceptual Framework into Practice-Based on Urban Tourism Toward Sustainable Development in Thailand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-28, December.
    20. Iván Boal-San Miguel & Luis César Herrero-Prieto, 2020. "Reliability of Creative Composite Indicators with Territorial Specification in the EU," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-27, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:16:p:8806-:d:609740. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.