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Abiotic Soil Health Indicators that Respond to Sustainable Management Practices in Sugarcane Cultivation

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  • Camila Viana Vieira Farhate

    (School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Exact Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil
    School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil)

  • Zigomar Menezes de Souza

    (School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil)

  • Maurício Roberto Cherubin

    (“Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil)

  • Lenon Herique Lovera

    (School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil)

  • Ingrid Nehmi de Oliveira

    (School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil)

  • Marina Pedroso Carneiro

    (School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-875, Brazil)

  • Newton La Scala Jr.

    (School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Exact Sciences, Jaboticabal, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 14884-900, Brazil)

Abstract

Soil quality (SQ) assessments are fundamental to design more sustainable land uses and management practices. However, SQ is a complex concept and there is not a universal approach to evaluate SQ across different conditions of climate, soil, and cropping system. Large-scale sugarcane production in Brazil is predominantly based on conventional tillage and high mechanization intensity, leading to SQ degradation. Thus through this study, we aim to assess the impact of sustainable management practices, including cover crops and less intensive tillage systems, in relation to the conventional system, using a soil quality index composed of abiotic indicators. Additionally, we developed a decision tree model to predict SQ using a minimum set of variables. The study was conducted in the municipality of Ibitinga, São Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design used was in strips, with four cover crops and three tillage systems. We evaluated three sugarcane cultivation cycles (2015/16, 2016/17, and 2017/18 crops). To calculate the SQ index, we selected five abiotic indicators: macroporosity, potassium content, calcium content, bulk density, and mean weight-diameter of soil aggregates. Based on our SQ index, our findings indicated that the soil quality was driven by the production cycle of sugarcane. Although a reduction of soil quality occurs between the plant cane and first ratoon cane cycles, from the second ratoon cane there is a trend of the gradual restoration of soil quality due to the recovery of both the soil’s physical and chemical attributes. Our study also demonstrated that the cultivation of sunn hemp and millet as cover crops, during the implementation of sugarcane plantation, enhanced soil quality. Due to the advantages provided by the use of these two cover crops, we encourage more detailed and long-term studies, aiming to test the efficiency of intercropping involving sunn hemp and millet during the re-planting of sugarcane.

Suggested Citation

  • Camila Viana Vieira Farhate & Zigomar Menezes de Souza & Maurício Roberto Cherubin & Lenon Herique Lovera & Ingrid Nehmi de Oliveira & Marina Pedroso Carneiro & Newton La Scala Jr., 2020. "Abiotic Soil Health Indicators that Respond to Sustainable Management Practices in Sugarcane Cultivation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:22:p:9407-:d:443712
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    1. Maurício Roberto Cherubin & João Luís Nunes Carvalho & Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri & Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira & Glaucia Mendes Souza & Heitor Cantarella, 2021. "Land Use and Management Effects on Sustainable Sugarcane-Derived Bioenergy," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-24, January.

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