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Land Conversion for Tourism Development under Vietnam’s Ambiguous Property Rights over Land

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  • Mai T.T. Duong

    (Vietnam National University of Forestry, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
    Institute for Management Research, Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Radboud University, 6524 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands)

  • D. Ary A. Samsura

    (Institute for Management Research, Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Radboud University, 6524 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
    Department of Environment and Urban Studies, UNIKA Soegijapranata, Semarang 50234, Indonesia)

  • Erwin van der Krabben

    (Institute for Management Research, Department of Geography, Planning, and Environment, Radboud University, 6524 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands)

Abstract

The paper aims to explore the process of land conversion for tourism development in Vietnam, under the present ambiguous and insecure property rights system. Four case studies in different geographical areas were selected to analyse land conversion and land compensation for tourism projects before and after the implementation of the new land law in 2013. The findings of this study show that, in the present legal system of land and property rights, the rights of local people are not sufficiently guaranteed due to the decisive role of the State not only in defining compensation prices for land in the case of compulsory land acquisition but also in determining whether tourism projects are in the public’s interest or not (thus deciding the appropriate land conversion approach as well as affecting price negotiations). The research also found that, although a voluntary land conversion approach (when the project is not in the public’s interest), based on the 2013 Land Law, offers land users a better negotiation position and a higher compensation payment, possibly reducing land-related conflicts between the State and land users, ambiguity over property rights in fact increased due to the government’s substantial discretion to choose between ‘public purpose’ and ‘economic purpose.’ The paper concludes with questioning whether the present legal basis for compulsory land acquisition is future proof since urbanisation pressure is likely to increase, which may lead to even more land conflicts in the near future.

Suggested Citation

  • Mai T.T. Duong & D. Ary A. Samsura & Erwin van der Krabben, 2020. "Land Conversion for Tourism Development under Vietnam’s Ambiguous Property Rights over Land," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-24, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:9:y:2020:i:6:p:204-:d:374718
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kapeliushnikov, Rostislav & Kuznetsov, Andrei & Demina, Natalia & Kuznetsova, Olga, 2013. "Threats to security of property rights in a transition economy: An empirical perspective," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 245-264.
    2. Dirk Loehr, 2012. "Land Reforms and the Tragedy of the Anticommons—A Case Study from Cambodia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 4(4), pages 1-21, April.
    3. Nguyen, Quang & Kim, Doo-Chul, 2019. "Farmers’ landholding strategy in urban fringe areas: A case study of a transitional commune near Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 95-104.
    4. Hoang Linh Nguyen & Jin Duan & Guo Qin Zhang, 2018. "Land Politics under Market Socialism: The State, Land Policies, and Rural–Urban Land Conversion in China and Vietnam," Land, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-17, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tribe, John & Paddison, Brendan, 2023. "Critical tourism strategy," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    2. Rachmat Mulia & Elisabeth Simelton & Tan Quang Nguyen & Magnus Jirström, 2021. "Non-Farm Activities and Impacts beyond the Economy of Rural Households in Vietnam: A Review and Link to Policies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-22, September.
    3. Tran Van Ty & Kim Lavane & Phan Chi Nguyen & Nigel K. Downes & Nguyen Dinh Giang Nam & Huynh Vuong Thu Minh & Pankaj Kumar, 2022. "Assessment of Relationship between Climate Change, Drought, and Land Use and Land Cover Changes in a Semi-Mountainous Area of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, November.

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