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Can Traditional Authority Improve the Governance of Forestland and Sustainability? Case Study from the Congo (DRC)

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  • Eliezer Majambu

    (Department of Political Science, State’s University of Mbujimayi, 225 Mbuji-Mayi, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Salomon Mampeta Wabasa

    (Department of Sociology, University of Kisangani, R406 Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Camille Welepele Elatre

    (Department Political Science, University of Kisangani, R406 Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

  • Laurence Boutinot

    (CIRAD, Département Environnements et Sociétés CIRAD, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier CEDEX 5, France)

  • Symphorien Ongolo

    (Department Forest and Nature Conservation Policy, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany)

Abstract

With about 107 million hectares of moist forest, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a perfect paradox of a natural resources endowed country caught in repeated economic and socio-political crises. Democratic Republic of Congo possesses about 60% of the Congo basin’s forest on which the majority of its people rely for their survival. Even if the national forest land in the countryside is mainly exploited by local populations based on customary rights, they usually do not have land titles due to the fact that the state claims an exclusive ownership of all forest lands in the Congo basin including in DRC. The tragedy of “bad governance” of natural resources is often highlighted in the literature as one of the major drivers of poverty and conflicts in DRC. In the forest domain, several studies have demonstrated that state bureaucracies cannot convincingly improve the governance of forestland because of cronyism, institutional weaknesses, corruption and other vested interests that govern forest and land tenure systems in the country. There are however very few rigorous studies on the role of traditional leaders or chiefdoms in the governance of forests and land issues in the Congo basin. This research aimed at addressing this lack of knowledge by providing empirical evidence through the case study of Yawalo village, located around the Yangambi Biosphere Reserve in the Democratic Republic of Congo. From a methodological perspective, it used a mixed approach combining both qualitative (field observations, participatory mapping, interviews, focal group discussions, and desk research,) and quantitative (remote sensing and statistics) methods. The main findings of our research reveal that: (i) vested interests of traditional rulers in the DRC countryside are not always compatible with a sustainable management of forestland; and (ii) influential users of forestland resources at the local level take advantage of traditional leaders’ weaknesses—lack of autonomy and coercive means, erratic recognition of customary rights, and poor legitimacy—to impose illegal hunting and uncontrolled forest exploitation.

Suggested Citation

  • Eliezer Majambu & Salomon Mampeta Wabasa & Camille Welepele Elatre & Laurence Boutinot & Symphorien Ongolo, 2019. "Can Traditional Authority Improve the Governance of Forestland and Sustainability? Case Study from the Congo (DRC)," Land, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:8:y:2019:i:5:p:74-:d:226247
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laurent Debroux & Giuseppe Topa & David Kaimowitz & Alain Karsenty & Terese Hart & Awono Abdon & Fidele Amsini & Conrad Aveling & Alain Bertrand & Mohammed Bekhechi & Carlo Bravi & Eric Chezeaux & Ken, 2007. "Forests in Post- Conflict Democratic Republic of Congo: Analysis of a Priority Agenda," Selected Books, CIRAD, Forest department, UPR40, edition 1, volume 1, number 10.
    2. Ribot, Jesse C. & Agrawal, Arun & Larson, Anne M., 2006. "Recentralizing While Decentralizing: How National Governments Reappropriate Forest Resources," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 1864-1886, November.
    3. Karsenty, Alain & Ongolo, Symphorien, 2012. "Can “fragile states” decide to reduce their deforestation? The inappropriate use of the theory of incentives with respect to the REDD mechanism," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 38-45.
    4. De Herdt, Tom & Olivier de Sardan, Jean-Pierre, 2015. "Real governance and practical norms in Sub-Saharan Africa: the game of the rules," IOB Analyses & Policy Briefs 15, Universiteit Antwerpen, Institute of Development Policy (IOB).
    5. Schure, Jolien & Levang, Patrice & Wiersum, K. Freerk, 2014. "Producing Woodfuel for Urban Centers in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Path Out of Poverty for Rural Households?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 64(S1), pages 80-90.
    6. Ingrid Samset, 2002. "Conflict of interests or interests in conflict? diamonds & war in the DRC," Review of African Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(93-94), pages 463-480, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mihaylova, Iva, 2023. "Perpetuating the malign legacy of colonialism? Traditional chiefs’ power and deforestation in Sierra Leone," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    2. Jing Ma & Zhaoyun Yin & Zhengbing Guo, 2021. "Meta-Evaluation for the Evaluation of Environmental Management: Standards and Practices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-18, February.

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