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Comparison of Impervious Surface Dynamics through Vegetation/High-Albedo/Low-Albedo/Soil Model and Socio-Economic Factors

Author

Listed:
  • Kapo Wong

    (School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999666, China)

  • Yuanzhi Zhang

    (School of Marine Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
    Center for Housing Innovations, Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, Faculty of Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999777, China)

  • Qiuming Cheng

    (School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China)

  • Ming Chun Chao

    (Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999666, China)

  • Jin Yeu Tsou

    (Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999666, China)

Abstract

Hong Kong and Shenzhen have entirely different land-use development policies, resulting in a disparity in the increase rate of impervious surface area. Impervious surface estimation is a significant method for evaluating urbanization, so that countries and cities can deal with their growing populations. The impervious surface area was estimated through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) image extraction, the V-H-L-S (vegetation, high-albedo, low-albedo, and soil) model, and linear spectral un-mixing analysis (LSUM). Changes in fractions of endmembers over periods of time were identified and employed to analyze changes in land use and land cover (LULC). The research adopting the V-H-L-S model for classifying land cover and exploring the association of change in impervious surface areas and socio-economic growth over a period of time is limited. In this study, impervious surface estimations for Hong Kong and Shenzhen in 1995, 2005, and 2016 were compared, selecting vegetation, high-albedo, low-albedo, and soil as endmembers. The change rate of the fractions in the four endmembers was calculated to identify changes in land use and land cover during these three specific time periods. The impervious surface was determined to constitute a combination of high-albedo and low-albedo. Moreover, a proportional relationship exists between the increase in impervious surface area, population rate, GDP, and GDP per capita in both Hong Kong and Shenzhen. However, there was a difference in the increase in impervious surface area between Hong Kong and Shenzhen due to the different land-use policies in the country’s two systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Kapo Wong & Yuanzhi Zhang & Qiuming Cheng & Ming Chun Chao & Jin Yeu Tsou, 2022. "Comparison of Impervious Surface Dynamics through Vegetation/High-Albedo/Low-Albedo/Soil Model and Socio-Economic Factors," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-20, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:11:y:2022:i:3:p:430-:d:772413
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leo F. Goodstadt, 2010. "The Global Crisis: Why Laisser-faire Hong Kong Prefers Regulation," Working Papers 012010, Hong Kong Institute for Monetary Research.
    2. Wei Wang & Xinfeng Yao & Junpeng Zhai & Minhe Ji, 2014. "A Tetrahedron-Based Endmember Selection Approach for Urban Impervious Surface Mapping," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(6), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Kar-yiu Wong & Win Lin Chou, 1997. "Economic Growth and International Trade: the case of Hong Kong," Discussion Papers in Economics at the University of Washington 0080, Department of Economics at the University of Washington.
    4. Kapo Wong & Yuanzhi Zhang & Jin Yeu Tsou & Yu Li, 2017. "Assessing Impervious Surface Changes in Sustainable Coastal Land Use: A Case Study in Hong Kong," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-20, June.
    5. Kar-yiu Wong & Win Lin Chou, 1997. "Economic Growth and International Trade: the case of Hong Kong," Working Papers 0080, University of Washington, Department of Economics.
    6. Peiyue Li & Hui Qian & Jianhua Wu, 2014. "Environment: Accelerate research on land creation," Nature, Nature, vol. 510(7503), pages 29-31, June.
    7. Yunfei Peng & Jing Qian & Fu Ren & Wenhui Zhang & Qingyun Du, 2016. "Sustainability of Land Use Promoted by Construction-to-Ecological Land Conversion: A Case Study of Shenzhen City, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(7), pages 1-16, July.
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