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Changes in Community-Dwelling Elderly’s Activity and Participation Affecting Depression during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Miki Tanikaga

    (Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan)

  • Jun-ichi Uemura

    (Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 1-1-20, Daiko-minami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan)

  • Fumiko Hori

    (Department of Nursing, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan)

  • Tomomi Hamada

    (College of Business Administration and Information Science, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Aichi, Japan)

  • Masahiro Tanaka

    (Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Nihon Fukushi University, 26-2 Higashihaemi-cho, Handa 475-0012, Aichi, Japan)

Abstract

We determined the changes in the activity or participation of the community-dwelling elderly in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic and identified the activities leading to depression. This will allow us to evaluate rehabilitation interventions that can be used to minimize or eliminate the negative impact of COVID-19 on today’s community-dwelling elderly. Herein, demographics, activity or participation (Activity Card Sort-Japan version: ACS-JPN), the number of social networks (Lubben Social Network Scale: LSNS), and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale: GDS) were examined in 74 community-dwelling elderly in Japan from August to October 2020. A statistical analysis was conducted to determine the effect of demographics on GDS, LSNS, and ACS-JPN, to compare the activity retention rates of the four domains using ACS-JPN, and to extract the activities that might affect depression using a generalized linear model. The results show that the retention of leisure activity with a high physical demand (H-leisure) and sociocultural activities was significantly lower than instrumental activities of daily living and leisure activity with a low physical demand (L-leisure). L-leisure and the number of social networks were possible risk factors for depression during the pandemic. This study highlighted the importance of maintaining the number of L-leisure and social networks at home to prevent depression in community-dwelling elderly when they could not perform outdoor activities and direct interpersonal interaction.

Suggested Citation

  • Miki Tanikaga & Jun-ichi Uemura & Fumiko Hori & Tomomi Hamada & Masahiro Tanaka, 2023. "Changes in Community-Dwelling Elderly’s Activity and Participation Affecting Depression during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4228-:d:1081923
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Marie Kivi & Isabelle Hansson & Pär Bjälkebring & Derek M Isaacowitz, 2021. "Up and About: Older Adults’ Well-being During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Swedish Longitudinal Study," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 76(2), pages 4-9.
    5. Connor M Sheehan & Elliot M Tucker-Drob, 2019. "Gendered Expectations Distort Male–Female Differences in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Later Adulthood," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 74(4), pages 715-723.
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