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The Role of Courtyards within Acute Mental Health Wards: Designing with Recovery in Mind

Author

Listed:
  • Jacqueline McIntosh

    (Wellington School of Architecture, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand)

  • Bruno Marques

    (Wellington School of Architecture, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand)

  • Gabrielle Jenkin

    (Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Wellington 23a Mein St., Wellington 6021, New Zealand)

Abstract

The role of courtyards and other outdoor spaces in the recovery of acute mental healthcare users has been gaining international appreciation and recognition. However, the physical properties and conditions necessary for therapeutic and rehabilitative engagement remain to be clearly established. This paper contributes to that knowledge by triangulating evidence from the literature, exemplar case studies of good practice and first-hand accounts of the experiences of staff and service users from four acute mental health facilities. The findings are then aligned with a well-established recovery framework (CHIMES) in light of existing landscape architecture knowledge. Within the complexity of varied mental health environments, this work establishes landscape architectural design requirements and qualities essential for recovery. Rather than adopting a prescriptive quantitative approach setting out areas, numbers of elements, etc., the proposed framework recommends a performance-based model and the creation of a cohesive network of microspaces that mesh into a design of outdoor areas. In this way, design details, materials, vegetation and the variety of spaces can be modified to suit service user population demographics and site-specific needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacqueline McIntosh & Bruno Marques & Gabrielle Jenkin, 2022. "The Role of Courtyards within Acute Mental Health Wards: Designing with Recovery in Mind," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:18:p:11414-:d:911917
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bruno Marques & Jacqueline McIntosh & Chelsea Kershaw, 2021. "Therapeutic environments as a catalyst for health, well-being and social equity," Landscape Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(6), pages 766-781, August.
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    3. Curtis, Sarah & Gesler, Wilbert & Wood, Victoria & Spencer, Ian & Mason, James & Close, Helen & Reilly, Joseph, 2013. "Compassionate containment? Balancing technical safety and therapy in the design of psychiatric wards," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 201-209.
    4. Frumkin, H., 2003. "Healthy Places: Exploring the Evidence," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(9), pages 1451-1456.
    5. Alun Joseph & Robin Kearns & Graham Moon, 2013. "Re-Imagining Psychiatric Asylum Spaces through Residential Redevelopment: Strategic Forgetting and Selective Remembrance," Housing Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(1), pages 135-153, January.
    6. Quirk, Alan & Lelliott, Paul & Seale, Clive, 2006. "The permeable institution: An ethnographic study of three acute psychiatric wards in London," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(8), pages 2105-2117, October.
    7. Gabrielle L. S. Jenkin & Jacqueline McIntosh & Susanna Every-Palmer, 2021. "Fit for What Purpose? Exploring Bicultural Frameworks for the Architectural Design of Acute Mental Health Facilities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-20, February.
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