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Design of Three Electric Vehicle Charging Tariff Systems to Improve Photovoltaic Self-Consumption

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  • Garazi Etxegarai

    (Department of Systems Engineering & Control, Faculty of Engineering of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Europa Plaza 1, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
    ESTIA Institute of Technology, University of Bordeaux, 64210 Bidart, France)

  • Haritza Camblong

    (Department of Systems Engineering & Control, Faculty of Engineering of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Europa Plaza 1, E-20018 Donostia, Spain
    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

  • Aitzol Ezeiza

    (Department of Systems Engineering & Control, Faculty of Engineering of Gipuzkoa, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Europa Plaza 1, E-20018 Donostia, Spain)

  • Tek Tjing Lie

    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as one of the pillars for achieving climate neutrality. They represent both a threat and an opportunity for the operation of the network. Used as flexible loads, they can favor the self-consumption of photovoltaic (PV) energy. This paper presents three EV charging tariff systems (TSs) based on the self-consumption of excess PV energy. The TS objectives are to increase the self-consumption rate (SCR) and thus indirectly decrease the charging cost of the EV users. Two of the proposed TSs correspond to an indirect control of EV charging. The third TS is a hybrid system where the charging power is controlled. The TS is designed using a series of rules that consider the momentary PV surplus and the charging power of each EV. The influence of the TS is simulated by considering real data from a PV collective self-consumption project in the Basque Country (Spain). The TS simulations performed with 6 months of data show a 13.1% increase in the SCR when applying the third TS, reaching an average of 93.09% for the SCR. In addition, the cost of EV charging is reduced by 25%.

Suggested Citation

  • Garazi Etxegarai & Haritza Camblong & Aitzol Ezeiza & Tek Tjing Lie, 2024. "Design of Three Electric Vehicle Charging Tariff Systems to Improve Photovoltaic Self-Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:8:p:1806-:d:1372794
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Salah, Florian & Ilg, Jens P. & Flath, Christoph M. & Basse, Hauke & Dinther, Clemens van, 2015. "Impact of electric vehicles on distribution substations: A Swiss case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 88-96.
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