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Effect of the Hydrogen Injection Position on the Combustion Process of a Direct Injection X-Type Rotary Engine with a Hydrogen Blend

Author

Listed:
  • Qi Geng

    (Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China)

  • Xuede Wang

    (Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China)

  • Yang Du

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Zhenghao Yang

    (Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China)

  • Rui Wang

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

  • Guangyu He

    (Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, China)

Abstract

As a new type of power device, the X-type rotary engine (XRE) is regarded as a major revolution of the internal combustion engine with its special structure and high-efficiency hybrid cycle (HEHC). A 3D CFD model of an XRE with hydrogen–gasoline fuel is firstly built in this paper. The gasoline is premixed with air in the intake of the XRE. The hydrogen is directly injected (DI) into the cylinder with four different injection positions. The effects of the hydrogen injection position on the combustion process, engine thermodynamic performance, and unburned carbon emissions and NOx emissions are investigated. The results show that, due to the interaction between the in-cylinder main flow field and the injected hydrogen gas flow, different hydrogen concentration zones are formed at different injection positions. Furthermore, a larger hydrogen distribution area and being closer to the ignition position led to a faster in-cylinder combustion rate and a higher in-cylinder temperature and pressure. When the injection position is from the front to the back of the combustion chamber such as in position 2, the hydrogen has the widest distribution area and is closest to the ignition position, resulting in its fastest combustion speed. Meanwhile, the peak in-cylinder pressure is 3.73 MPa and the peak temperature is a maximum of 1835.16 K. Especially, the highest indicated thermal efficiency of 26.56% is found in position 2, which is 10.08% higher than that of position 4 (from right to left of the combustion chamber), which was 24.13%. At the same time, due to the best overall combustion effect, position 2 presents the lowest final unburned carbon emission of 0.36 mg, while it produces the highest NOx emission of 9.15 μg. Thus, this study provides important theoretical guidelines for the hydrogen injection strategy of the XRE using hydrogen–gasoline fuel.

Suggested Citation

  • Qi Geng & Xuede Wang & Yang Du & Zhenghao Yang & Rui Wang & Guangyu He, 2022. "Effect of the Hydrogen Injection Position on the Combustion Process of a Direct Injection X-Type Rotary Engine with a Hydrogen Blend," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:19:p:7219-:d:931067
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wang, Shuofeng & Ji, Changwei & Zhang, Bo & Cong, Xiaoyu & Liu, Xiaolong, 2016. "Effect of CO2 dilution on combustion and emissions characteristics of the hydrogen-enriched gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 118-126.
    2. Yang, Jinxin & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Shuofeng & Wang, Du & Ma, Zedong & Zhang, Boya, 2018. "Numerical investigation on the mixture formation and combustion processes of a gasoline rotary engine with direct injected hydrogen enrichment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C), pages 34-41.
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    4. Shi, Cheng & Ji, Changwei & Ge, Yunshan & Wang, Shuofeng & Yang, Jinxin & Wang, Huaiyu, 2021. "Effects of split direct-injected hydrogen strategies on combustion and emissions performance of a small-scale rotary engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    5. Behdad Shadidi & Gholamhassan Najafi & Talal Yusaf, 2021. "A Review of Hydrogen as a Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
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