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Optimization of Window-to-Wall Ratio for Buildings Located in Different Climates: An IDA-Indoor Climate and Energy Simulation Study

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  • Sana Sayadi

    (Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, ShahidBahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran)

  • Abolfazl Hayati

    (Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden)

  • Mazyar Salmanzadeh

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, ShahidBahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran)

Abstract

This study investigates different cases to obtain optimal Window-to-Wall ratio (WWR) in seven different climate conditions based on the Köppen–Geiger climate classification. The optimal WWR was decided based on the minimum amount of total energy use (total of cooling, heating, and lighting energy use) of a building model during a complete year. The impact of overhang and automatic blinds were assessed on the optimization of WWR for a building with integrated automatic lighting control. Moreover, three different windows with different U-values and features were employed in order to analyze their effect on the energy use and WWR of the building. IDA-Indoor Climate and Energy (IDA-ICE) was used to carry out the simulations. The software has been validated based on ASHRAE Standard 140. Based on each climate condition, orientation, employed window type, and comfort conditions, an optimal range with a specific combination of window with blind, overhang, or neither was found.

Suggested Citation

  • Sana Sayadi & Abolfazl Hayati & Mazyar Salmanzadeh, 2021. "Optimization of Window-to-Wall Ratio for Buildings Located in Different Climates: An IDA-Indoor Climate and Energy Simulation Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:7:p:1974-:d:529410
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Ochoa, Carlos E. & Aries, Myriam B.C. & van Loenen, Evert J. & Hensen, Jan L.M., 2012. "Considerations on design optimization criteria for windows providing low energy consumption and high visual comfort," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 238-245.
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    6. Jiayu Li & Bohong Zheng & Komi Bernard Bedra & Zhe Li & Xiao Chen, 2021. "Evaluating the Effect of Window-to-Wall Ratios on Cooling-Energy Demand on a Typical Summer Day," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-13, August.

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