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Maximum Electrical Power Extraction from Sources by Load Matching

Author

Listed:
  • Sigmund Singer

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

  • Shlomi Efrati

    (School of Mechanical Engineering and System Engineering Research Initiative (TAU-SERI), Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

  • Meir Alon

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

  • Doron Shmilovitz

    (School of Electrical Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

Abstract

This paper describes the matching of various loads to sources (including nonlinear ones). The purpose of matching is to extract the maximum available power from the source. This has particular importance for renewable sources and energy-harvesting devices, in which unused energy is just wasted. The main innovations in this paper include (and followed by examples) simplified calculation of the matching parameter for a controllable load and matching by means of a family of power-conservative two-port networks, denoted POPI (Pin = Pout), such as transformers, gyrators, loss-free resistors (LFRs) and series LFRs (SLFRs). An additional innovation described in this paper is a new, simplified model of an HF power amplifier based on the series LFR concept. This model predicts that the efficiency of the HF power amplifier operated under the matched-mode condition can significantly exceed the 50% efficiency limit that is predicted by the conventional model. As HF power amplifiers drive antennas in transmission and some wireless power transfer (which uses radiative techniques) systems, it is clear that the operation of such systems in the matched-mode condition is not restricted to a 50% efficiency limit.

Suggested Citation

  • Sigmund Singer & Shlomi Efrati & Meir Alon & Doron Shmilovitz, 2021. "Maximum Electrical Power Extraction from Sources by Load Matching," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:23:p:8025-:d:692721
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hanane Yatimi & Elhassan Aroudam, 2018. "Standalone Photovoltaic System with Maximum Power Point Tracking: Modeling and Simulation," International Journal of System Dynamics Applications (IJSDA), IGI Global, vol. 7(3), pages 94-111, July.
    2. Kuperman, Alon & Averbukh, Moshe & Lineykin, Simon, 2013. "Maximum power point matching versus maximum power point tracking for solar generators," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 19(C), pages 11-17.
    3. Gadelovits, Shlomo & Kuperman, Alon & Sitbon, Moshe & Aharon, Ilan & Singer, Sigmond, 2014. "Interfacing renewable energy sources for maximum power transfer—Part I: Statics," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 501-508.
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