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Production of Negative-Emissions Steel Using a Reducing Gas Derived from DFB Gasification

Author

Listed:
  • Sébastien Pissot

    (Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden)

  • Henrik Thunman

    (Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden)

  • Peter Samuelsson

    (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Martin Seemann

    (Department of Space, Earth, and Environment, Division of Energy Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden)

Abstract

A dual fluidized bed (DFB) gasification process is proposed to produce sustainable reducing gas for the direct reduction (DR) of iron ore. This novel steelmaking route is compared with the established process for DR, which is based on natural gas, and with the emerging DR technology using electrolysis-generated hydrogen as the reducing gas. The DFB-DR route is found to produce reducing gas that meets the requirement of the DR reactor, based on existing MIDREX plants, and which is produced with an energetic efficiency comparable with the natural gas route. The DFB-DR path is the only route considered that allows negative CO 2 emissions, enabling a 145% decrease in emissions relative to the traditional blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) route. A reducing gas cost between 45–60 EUR/MWh is obtained, which makes it competitive with the hydrogen route, but not the natural gas route. The cost estimation for liquid steel production shows that, in Sweden, the DFB-DR route cannot compete with the natural gas and BF–BOF routes without a cost associated with carbon emissions and a revenue attributed to negative emissions. When the cost and revenue are set as equal, the DFB-DR route becomes the most competitive for a carbon price >60 EUR/tCO 2 .

Suggested Citation

  • Sébastien Pissot & Henrik Thunman & Peter Samuelsson & Martin Seemann, 2021. "Production of Negative-Emissions Steel Using a Reducing Gas Derived from DFB Gasification," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-32, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:16:p:4835-:d:610612
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    References listed on IDEAS

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