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Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades

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  • Huixiang Chen

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
    College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Daqing Zhou

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
    College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Yuan Zheng

    (College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
    College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • Shengwen Jiang

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • An Yu

    (College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

  • You Guo

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Corporation Limited, Shanghai 200434, China)

Abstract

To obtain the flow mechanism of the transient characteristics of a Kaplan turbine, a three-dimensional (3-D) unsteady, incompressible flow simulation during load rejection was conducted using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method in this paper. The dynamic mesh and re-meshing methods were performed to simulate the closing process of the guide vanes and runner blades. The evolution of inner flow patterns and varying regularities of some parameters, such as the runner rotation speed, unit flow rate, unit torque, axial force, and static pressure of the monitored points were revealed, and the results were consistent with the experimental data. During the load rejection process, the guide vane closing behavior played a decisive role in changing the external characteristics and inner flow configurations. In this paper, the runner blades underwent a linear needle closure law and guide vanes operated according to a stage-closing law of “first fast, then slow,” where the inflection point was t = 2.3 s. At the segment point of the guide vane closing curve, a water hammer occurs between guide vanes and a large quantity of vortices emerged in the runner and the draft tube. The pressure at the measurement points changes dramatically and the axial thrust rises sharply, marking a unique time in the transient process. Thus, the quality of a transient process could be effectively improved by properly setting the location of segmented point. This study conducted a dynamic simulation of co-adjustment of the guide vanes and the blades, and the results could be used in fault diagnosis of transient operations at hydropower plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Huixiang Chen & Daqing Zhou & Yuan Zheng & Shengwen Jiang & An Yu & You Guo, 2018. "Load Rejection Transient Process Simulation of a Kaplan Turbine Model by Co-Adjusting Guide Vanes and Runner Blades," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-18, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:12:p:3354-:d:186856
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Grzegorz Peczkis & Piotr Wiśniewski & Andriy Zahorulko, 2021. "Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Influence of Blade Number in a Small Water Turbine," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Kan, Kan & Zheng, Yuan & Chen, Huixiang & Zhou, Daqing & Dai, Jing & Binama, Maxime & Yu, An, 2020. "Numerical simulation of transient flow in a shaft extension tubular pump unit during runaway process caused by power failure," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1153-1164.
    4. Binaya Baidar & Jonathan Nicolle & Bhupendra K. Gandhi & Michel J. Cervantes, 2020. "Numerical Study of the Winter–Kennedy Flow Measurement Method in Transient Flows," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, March.
    5. Chen, Huixiang & Zhou, Daqing & Kan, Kan & Guo, Junxun & Zheng, Yuan & Binama, Maxime & Xu, Zhe & Feng, Jiangang, 2021. "Transient characteristics during the co-closing guide vanes and runner blades of a bulb turbine in load rejection process," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P2), pages 28-41.
    6. Peng Guan & Yan-Ting Ai & Cheng-Wei Fei, 2019. "An Enhanced Flow-Thermo-Structural Modeling and Validation for the Integrated Analysis of a Film Cooling Nozzle Guide Vane," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-20, July.
    7. Fu, Shifeng & Zheng, Yuan & Kan, Kan & Chen, Huixiang & Han, Xingxing & Liang, Xiaoling & Liu, Huiwen & Tian, Xiaoqing, 2020. "Numerical simulation and experimental study of transient characteristics in an axial flow pump during start-up," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1879-1887.
    8. Zheming Tong & Zhongqin Yang & Qing Huang & Qiang Yao, 2022. "Numerical Modeling of the Hydrodynamic Performance of Slanted Axial-Flow Urban Drainage Pumps at Shut-Off Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, March.
    9. Ke Liu & Feng Yang & Zhiyan Yang & Yunxian Zhu & Yongguang Cheng, 2019. "Runner Lifting-Up during Load Rejection Transients of a Kaplan Turbine: Flow Mechanism and Solution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.

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