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Optimal Irrigation under the Constraint of Water Resources for Winter Wheat in the North China Plain

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  • Xiaoli Shi

    (Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
    Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Geocomputation and Planning Center, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China)

  • Wenjiao Shi

    (Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

  • Na Dai

    (Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction, School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
    Bayannaoer City No. 1 Middle School, Bayannaoer 015000, China)

  • Minglei Wang

    (Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

Abstract

The North China Plain (NCP) has the largest groundwater depletion in the world, and it is also the major production area of winter wheat in China. For sustainable food production and sustainable use of irrigated groundwater, it is necessary to optimize the irrigation amount for winter wheat in the NCP. Previous studies on the optimal irrigation amount have less consideration of the groundwater constraint, which may result in the theoretical amount of optimal-irrigation exceeding the amount of regional irrigation availability. Based on the meteorological data, soil data, crop variety data, and field management data from field experimental stations of Tangshan, Huanghua, Luancheng, Huimin, Nangong, Ganyu, Shangqiu, Zhumadian and Shouxian, we simulated the variation of yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under different irrigation levels by using the CERES-Wheat model, and investigated the optimal irrigation amount for high yield (OI y ), water saving (OI WUE ), and the trade-off between high yield and water saving (OI t ) of winter wheat in the NCP. Based on the water balance theory, we then calculated the irrigation availability, which was taken as the constraint to explore the optimal irrigation amount for winter wheat in the NCP. The results indicated that the OI y ranged from 80 mm to 240 mm, and the OI WUE was 17% to 67% less than OI y , ranging from 0 mm to 200 mm. The OI t was between 80 mm and 240 mm, realizing the co-benefits of high yield and water saving. Finally, we determined the optimal irrigation amount (62–240 mm) by the constraint of irrigation availability. Our results can provide a realistic and scientific reference for the security of both grain production and groundwater use in the NCP.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaoli Shi & Wenjiao Shi & Na Dai & Minglei Wang, 2022. "Optimal Irrigation under the Constraint of Water Resources for Winter Wheat in the North China Plain," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:12:p:2057-:d:989117
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    1. Dengpan Xiao & Wenjiao Shi, 2023. "Modeling the Adaptation of Agricultural Production to Climate Change," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-4, February.

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