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Survival estimation and testing via multiple imputation

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  • Taylor, Jeremy M. G.
  • Murray, Susan
  • Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh

Abstract

Multiple imputation is a technique for handling data sets with missing values. The method fills in each missing value several times, creating many augmented data sets. Each augmented data set is analyzed separately and the results combined to give a final result consisting of an estimate and a measure of uncertainty. In this paper we consider nonparametric multiple-imputation methods to handle missing event times for censored observations in the context of nonparametric survival estimation and testing. Two nonparametric imputation schemes are considered. In risk set imputation the censored time is replaced by a random draw of the observed times amongst those at risk after the censoring time. In Kaplan-Meier (KM) imputation the imputed time is a draw from the estimated distribution of event times amongst those at risk after the censoring time. We show that with a large number of imputes the estimates from both methods reproduce the KM estimator. In a simulation study we show that the inclusion of a bootstrap stage in the multiple imputation algorithm gives coverage rates of confidence intervals that are comparable to that from Greenwood's formula. Connections to the redistribute to the right algorithm are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Taylor, Jeremy M. G. & Murray, Susan & Hsu, Chiu-Hsieh, 2002. "Survival estimation and testing via multiple imputation," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 221-232, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:stapro:v:58:y:2002:i:3:p:221-232
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schenker, Nathaniel & Taylor, Jeremy M. G., 1996. "Partially parametric techniques for multiple imputation," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 425-446, August.
    2. Daniel F. Heitjan & Roderick J. A. Little, 1991. "Multiple Imputation for the Fatal Accident Reporting System," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 40(1), pages 13-29, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shirin Moghaddam & John Newell & John Hinde, 2022. "A Bayesian Approach for Imputation of Censored Survival Data," Stats, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Chiu-Hsieh Hsu & Jeremy Taylor & Susan Murray, 2004. "Survival Analysis USing Auxiliary Variables Via Nonparametric Multiple Imputation," The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series 1026, Berkeley Electronic Press.
    3. Chiu-Hsieh Hsu & Jeremy Taylor & Susan Murray, 2004. "Multiple Imputation For Interval Censored Data With Auxiliary Variables," The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series 1025, Berkeley Electronic Press.

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