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Making a difference: The construction of ethnicity in HIV and STI epidemiological research by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)

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  • Proctor, Alana
  • Krumeich, Anja
  • Meershoek, Agnes

Abstract

Biomedical and public health researchers and practitioners routinely record and comment on ethnicity: however, the use of this category is often vague and without explicit statement on what ethnicity is or how it correlates to health disparities. Presented here is an inquiry into the case of ethnicity in HIV/STI research in the Netherlands. This paper considers the construction and operationalization of the concept ethnicity in HIV/STI epidemiological research in the Netherlands. The concept ethnicity is followed as it is defined, measured, categorized, communicated and constructed in the annual national HIV/STI surveillance report of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) and as this construction co-evolves in society through the Dutch media, politics and prevention practice. The epidemiological work of the RIVM on HIV/STI in The Netherlands has resulted in the materialization of a distinct ethnic construction, the high risk sexual ethnic other, presumed, not only to be at heightened risk for HIV, but also to spread HIV in the Netherlands through promiscuity and absent safe sex practices. This construct is shown to be perpetually self-validating as it informs methodological choices, such that, behavioural studies almost always establish ethnic behavioural differences. The construct and related ethnic rhetoric also allow for the extrapolation of "findings" within a specific ethnic group regarding a specific STI to all groups considered ethnic minorities and so a categorical ethnic minority problem group is constructed within Dutch society. This imagery is disseminated through newspaper articles and dialogue in the Dutch House of Representative and HIV/STI prevention practice, through which the construct is reaffirmed and ascribed scientific and social validity. Knowledge of ethnic minorities' high-risk status and their sexual practices that lead to this become common, and so the construct is further operationalized in government budget planning and subsequent research programmes.

Suggested Citation

  • Proctor, Alana & Krumeich, Anja & Meershoek, Agnes, 2011. "Making a difference: The construction of ethnicity in HIV and STI epidemiological research by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(11), pages 1838-1845, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:72:y:2011:i:11:p:1838-1845
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lee, Catherine, 2009. ""Race" and "ethnicity" in biomedical research: How do scientists construct and explain differences in health?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(6), pages 1183-1190, March.
    2. Wyatt, Gail Elizabeth, 1991. "Examining ethnicity versus race in AIDS related sex research," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 37-45, January.
    3. Collins, Pamela Y. & von Unger, Hella & Armbrister, Adria, 2008. "Church ladies, good girls, and locas: Stigma and the intersection of gender, ethnicity, mental illness, and sexuality in relation to HIV risk," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 389-397, August.
    4. Meershoek, Agnes & Krumeich, Anja & Vos, Rein, 2011. "The construction of ethnic differences in work incapacity risks: Analysing ordering practices of physicians in the Netherlands," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(1), pages 15-22, January.
    5. Frank, Reanne, 2007. "What to make of it? The (Re)emergence of a biological conceptualization of race in health disparities research," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(10), pages 1977-1983, May.
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    1. Bradby, Hannah, 2012. "Race, ethnicity and health: The costs and benefits of conceptualising racism and ethnicity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(6), pages 955-958.
    2. Dijkstra, Ilse & Horstman, Klasien, 2021. "‘Known to be unhealthy’: Exploring how social epidemiological research constructs the category of low socioeconomic status," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).

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