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Closed-loop geothermal energy recovery from deep high enthalpy systems

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  • Yuan, Wanju
  • Chen, Zhuoheng
  • Grasby, Stephen E.
  • Little, Edward

Abstract

Closed-loop geothermal energy recovery technology has advantages of being independent of reservoir fluid and permeability, experiencing less parasitic load from pumps, and being technologically ready and widely used for heat exchange in shallow geothermal systems. Commercial application of closed-loop geothermal technology to deep high-enthalpy systems is now feasible given advances in drilling technology. However, the technology it uses has been questioned due to differences in heat transport capacities of convective flow within the wellbores and conductive flux in the surrounding rock. Here we demonstrate that closed-loop geothermal systems can provide reasonable temperature and heat duty for over 30 years using multiple laterals when installed in a suitable geological setting. Through use of two analytical methods, our results indicate that the closed-loop geothermal system is sensitive to reservoir thermal conductivity that controls the level of outlet temperature and interference between wells over time. The residence time of the fluid in the horizontal section, calculated as a ratio of the lateral length to flow rate, dictates heat transport efficiency. A long vertical production section could cause large drops in fluid temperature in a single lateral production system, but such heat loss can be reduced significantly in a closed-loop system with multiple laterals.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuan, Wanju & Chen, Zhuoheng & Grasby, Stephen E. & Little, Edward, 2021. "Closed-loop geothermal energy recovery from deep high enthalpy systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 976-991.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:177:y:2021:i:c:p:976-991
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2021.06.028
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Simon Weides & Jacek Majorowicz, 2014. "Implications of Spatial Variability in Heat Flow for Geothermal Resource Evaluation in Large Foreland Basins: The Case of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-22, April.
    2. Hu, Zixu & Xu, Tianfu & Feng, Bo & Yuan, Yilong & Li, Fengyu & Feng, Guanhong & Jiang, Zhenjiao, 2020. "Thermal and fluid processes in a closed-loop geothermal system using CO2 as a working fluid," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 351-367.
    3. Majorowicz, Jacek & Grasby, Stephen E., 2019. "Deep geothermal energy in Canadian sedimentary basins VS. Fossils based energy we try to replace – Exergy [KJ/KG] compared," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 259-277.
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    1. Esmaeilpour, Morteza & Gholami Korzani, Maziar & Kohl, Thomas, 2022. "Impact of thermosiphoning on long-term behavior of closed-loop deep geothermal systems for sustainable energy exploitation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 1247-1260.
    2. Gola, Gianluca & Di Sipio, Eloisa & Facci, Marina & Galgaro, Antonio & Manzella, Adele, 2022. "Geothermal deep closed-loop heat exchangers: A novel technical potential evaluation to answer the power and heat demands," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 1193-1209.
    3. Chandrasekharam, Dornadula & Baba, Alper & Ayzit, Tolga & Singh, Hemant K., 2022. "Geothermal potential of granites: Case study- Kaymaz and Sivrihisar (Eskisehir region) Western Anatolia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 870-882.
    4. Wei, Changjiang & Mao, Liangjie & Yao, Changshun & Yu, Guijian, 2022. "Heat transfer investigation between wellbore and formation in U-shaped geothermal wells with long horizontal section," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 972-989.
    5. Hou, Xinglan & Zhong, Xiuping & Nie, Shuaishuai & Wang, Yafei & Tu, Guigang & Ma, Yingrui & Liu, Kunyan & Chen, Chen, 2023. "Numerical simulation study of intermittent heat extraction from hot dry rock using horizontal well based on thermal compensation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).

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