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Catalytic upgrading of biomass-derived vapors to bio-fuels via modified HZSM-5 coupled with DBD: Effects of different titanium sources

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  • Fan, Yongsheng
  • Zhu, Mengfeng
  • Jin, Lizhu
  • Cui, Entian
  • Zhu, Lei
  • Cai, Yixi
  • Zhao, Weidong

Abstract

Different titanium (Ti) sources modified HZSM-5 coupled with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) were applied to upgrade biomass-derived vapors to prepare bio-fuels. Four objectives were included: (I) effects of different Ti species on active radicals were investigated, (II) effects of Ti sources on bio-fuel yield and properties were analyzed, (III) the availabilities of bio-fuels were evaluated from different composition angles, and (IV) the catalyst stabilities were characterized on different scales. The results showed that the interaction between low-valent titanium species and DBD could increase radicals. The rutile modification (TiRH5) had no positive effect on bio-fuel production, while the anatase modification (TiAH5) could induce photo-catalysis by coupling with DBD to increase both the yield (17.26%) and high heating value (HHV) (35.56 MJ/kg). The low-valent Ti modification (Ti3H5) further increased the yield to 17.77% and HHV to 36.47 MJ/kg, benefiting from the MAHs increase and the integration of more hydrogen-radicals under multiple interactions, while the conventional titanium dioxide (TiO2) modification (Ti4H5) lacked the catalytic effects. The bio-fuel from TiAH5 catalysis had potential for producing gasoline additives or substitutes, while the bio-fuel from Ti3H5 catalysis tended to become diesel additives or substitutes. The induced photo-catalysis and multiple interactions improved the stabilities of TiAH5 and Ti3H5, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Fan, Yongsheng & Zhu, Mengfeng & Jin, Lizhu & Cui, Entian & Zhu, Lei & Cai, Yixi & Zhao, Weidong, 2020. "Catalytic upgrading of biomass-derived vapors to bio-fuels via modified HZSM-5 coupled with DBD: Effects of different titanium sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 100-115.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:157:y:2020:i:c:p:100-115
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.05.019
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