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A gravo-aeroelastically scaled wind turbine rotor at field-prototype scale with strict structural requirements

Author

Listed:
  • Yao, Shulong
  • Griffith, D. Todd
  • Chetan, Mayank
  • Bay, Christopher J.
  • Damiani, Rick
  • Kaminski, Meghan
  • Loth, Eric

Abstract

A new sub-scale field-prototype design solution is developed to realize the dynamics, structural response, and distributed loads (gravitational, aerodynamic, centrifugal) that are characteristic of a full-scale large, modern wind turbine rotor. Prior work in sub-scale wind turbine testing has focused on matching aerodynamic/aero-elastic characteristics of full-scale rotors at wind tunnel scale. However, large-scale rotor designs must expand beyond this limited set of scaling parameters for cost-effective prototyping and meet strict requirements for structural safety for field testing. The challenge lies in producing a structural design meeting two competing objectives: novel scaling objectives that prescribe the sub-scale blade to have low mass and stiffness; and traditional structural safety objectives that drive the design to have higher stiffness and mass. A 20% gravo-aeroelastically scaled wind turbine blade is developed successfully that satisfies these competing objectives. First, it achieved close agreement for non-dimensional tip deflection and flap-wise blade frequency (both within 2.1%) with a blade mass distribution constrained to produce target gravitational and centrifugal loads. Second, the entire blade structure was optimized to ensure a safe, manufacturable solution meeting strict strength requirements for a testing site that can experience up to 45 m/s wind gusts. The prototype-scale blade was fabricated and successfully proof-load tested.

Suggested Citation

  • Yao, Shulong & Griffith, D. Todd & Chetan, Mayank & Bay, Christopher J. & Damiani, Rick & Kaminski, Meghan & Loth, Eric, 2020. "A gravo-aeroelastically scaled wind turbine rotor at field-prototype scale with strict structural requirements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 535-547.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:156:y:2020:i:c:p:535-547
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2020.03.157
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Li, B. & Zhou, D.L. & Wang, Y. & Shuai, Y. & Liu, Q.Z. & Cai, W.H., 2020. "The design of a small lab-scale wind turbine model with high performance similarity to its utility-scale prototype," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 435-444.
    2. Peter J. Schubel & Richard J. Crossley, 2012. "Wind Turbine Blade Design," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(9), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Kaminski, Meghan & Loth, Eric & Griffith, D. Todd & Qin, Chao (Chris), 2020. "Ground testing of a 1% gravo-aeroelastically scaled additively-manufactured wind turbine blade with bio-inspired structural design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 639-650.
    4. Du, Weikang & Zhao, Yongsheng & He, Yanping & Liu, Yadong, 2016. "Design, analysis and test of a model turbine blade for a wave basin test of floating wind turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 414-421.
    5. Cho, Taehwan & Kim, Cheolwan, 2012. "Wind tunnel test results for a 2/4.5 scale MEXICO rotor," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 152-156.
    6. Ryi, Jaeha & Rhee, Wook & Chang Hwang, Ui & Choi, Jong-Soo, 2015. "Blockage effect correction for a scaled wind turbine rotor by using wind tunnel test data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 227-235.
    7. Noyes, Carlos & Qin, Chao & Loth, Eric, 2018. "Pre-aligned downwind rotor for a 13.2 MW wind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 116(PA), pages 749-754.
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