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Valorization of walnut shell ash as a catalyst for biodiesel production

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  • Miladinović, Marija R.
  • Zdujić, Miodrag V.
  • Veljović, Djordje N.
  • Krstić, Jugoslav B.
  • Banković-Ilić, Ivana B.
  • Veljković, Vlada B.
  • Stamenković, Olivera S.

Abstract

The catalytic activity of the walnut shell ash was investigated in the biodiesel production by the sunflower oil methanolysis. The catalyst was characterized by the TG-DTA, XRD, Hg porosimetry, N2 physisorption, SEM, and Hammett method. In addition, the effects of the catalyst loading and the methanol-to-oil molar ratio on the methyl esters synthesis were tested at the reaction temperature of 60 °C. The walnut shell ash provided a very fast reaction and a high FAME content (over 98%). As the reaction occurred in the absence of triacylglycerols mass transfer limitation, the pseudo-first-order model was employed for describing the kinetics of the reaction. The catalyst was successfully reused four times after the regeneration of the catalytic activity by recalcination at 800 °C.

Suggested Citation

  • Miladinović, Marija R. & Zdujić, Miodrag V. & Veljović, Djordje N. & Krstić, Jugoslav B. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Veljković, Vlada B. & Stamenković, Olivera S., 2020. "Valorization of walnut shell ash as a catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 1033-1043.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:147:y:2020:i:p1:p:1033-1043
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.056
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    1. Vadery, Vinu & Narayanan, Binitha N. & Ramakrishnan, Resmi M. & Cherikkallinmel, Sudha Kochiyil & Sugunan, Sankaran & Narayanan, Divya P. & Sasidharan, Sreenikesh, 2014. "Room temperature production of jatropha biodiesel over coconut husk ash," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 588-594.
    2. Boey, Peng-Lim & Ganesan, Shangeetha & Lim, Sze-Xooi & Lim, Sau-Lai & Maniam, Gaanty Pragas & Khairuddean, Melati, 2011. "Utilization of BA (boiler ash) as catalyst for transesterification of palm olein," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(10), pages 5791-5796.
    3. Mendonça, Iasmin M. & Paes, Orlando A.R.L. & Maia, Paulo J.S. & Souza, Mayane P. & Almeida, Richardson A. & Silva, Cláudia C. & Duvoisin, Sérgio & de Freitas, Flávio A., 2019. "New heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from waste tucumã peels (Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer): Parameters optimization study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 103-110.
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    1. John, Monnie & Abdullah, Mohammad Omar & Hua, Tan Yie & Nolasco-Hipólito, Cirilo, 2021. "Techno-economical and energy analysis of sunflower oil biodiesel synthesis assisted with waste ginger leaves derived catalysts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 815-828.
    2. Christopher Tunji Oloyede & Simeon Olatayo Jekayinfa & Abass Olanrewaju Alade & Oyetola Ogunkunle & Opeyeolu Timothy Laseinde & Ademola Oyejide Adebayo & Adeola Ibrahim Abdulkareem & Ghassan Fadhil Sm, 2023. "Synthesis of Biobased Composite Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Simplex Lattice Design Mixture: Optimization Process by Taguchi Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-26, February.
    3. Zou, Xiaotong & Xu, Kaiwei & Chang, Wenjuan & Qu, Yanhui & Li, Yanpeng, 2021. "A novel microalgal biofilm reactor using walnut shell as substratum for microalgae biofilm cultivation and lipid accumulation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 676-685.
    4. Miladinović, Marija R. & Krstić, Jugoslav B. & Zdujić, Miodrag V. & Veselinović, Ljiljana M. & Veljović, Djordje N. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2022. "Transesterification of used cooking sunflower oil catalyzed by hazelnut shell ash," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 103-113.

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