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Toward the efficient recycling of alloying elements from end of life vehicle steel scrap

Author

Listed:
  • Ohno, Hajime
  • Matsubae, Kazuyo
  • Nakajima, Kenichi
  • Kondo, Yasushi
  • Nakamura, Shinichiro
  • Nagasaka, Tetsuya

Abstract

There has been a sharp increase in the production of automobiles over the past decade. In 2010, one billion automobiles were in circulation worldwide. The automobile industry is one of the largest metals consumers and plays an important role in their sustainable use. Steel materials, including alloy steels that contain alloying elements (AEs) such as manganese, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum, are the main component of automobiles. The recycling of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) significantly affects the cycling of iron, steel, and AEs. Currently, ELV recycling is performed using the electric arc furnace (EAF). In this method, losses of AEs are likely to occur because their presence is rarely considered. This study evaluated the environmental and economic benefits of alternative ELV recycling schemes, which allow more efficient utilization of AEs found in ELV-derived steel scrap (ELV-dSS). The AE contents in ELV-dSS (as car-parts) were estimated by means of a waste input–output material flow analysis (WIO-MFA) model extended for the detailed analysis of automobile composition. Using Japanese data, it was found that sorting ELV-dSS by parts can result in a significant recovery of AEs; more specifically, a 10-fold saving in AEs was achieved by sorting exhaust parts. The recoverable mass of AEs from sorted ELV-dSS was found to correspond to 8.2% of the annual consumption of AEs in Japan, as virgin resources in EAF steelmaking. ELV-dSS sorting was found to be significantly effective in the conservation of AE resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Ohno, Hajime & Matsubae, Kazuyo & Nakajima, Kenichi & Kondo, Yasushi & Nakamura, Shinichiro & Nagasaka, Tetsuya, 2015. "Toward the efficient recycling of alloying elements from end of life vehicle steel scrap," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 11-20.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:recore:v:100:y:2015:i:c:p:11-20
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.04.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yasushi Kondo & Shinichiro Nakamura, 2005. "Waste input-output linear programming model with its application to eco-efficiency analysis," Economic Systems Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(4), pages 393-408.
    2. Hajime Ohno & Kazuyo Matsubae & Kenichi Nakajima & Shinichiro Nakamura & Tetsuya Nagasaka, 2014. "Unintentional Flow of Alloying Elements in Steel during Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 18(2), pages 242-253, April.
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    4. Xin Lu & Hajime Ohno & Osamu Takeda & Takahiro Miki & Yasushi Sasaki & Hongmin Zhu & Tetsuya Nagasaka, 2022. "Toward an efficient recycling system: Evaluating recyclability of end‐of‐life stainless steels by considering elements distribution during a remelting process," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 26(5), pages 1701-1713, October.
    5. Pauliuk, Stefan & Kondo, Yasushi & Nakamura, Shinichiro & Nakajima, Kenichi, 2017. "Regional distribution and losses of end-of-life steel throughout multiple product life cycles—Insights from the global multiregional MaTrace model," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 84-93.
    6. Berzi, Lorenzo & Delogu, Massimo & Pierini, Marco & Romoli, Filippo, 2016. "Evaluation of the end-of-life performance of a hybrid scooter with the application of recyclability and recoverability assessment methods," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 140-155.
    7. Divya Tiwari & Jill Miscandlon & Ashutosh Tiwari & Geraint W. Jewell, 2021. "A Review of Circular Economy Research for Electric Motors and the Role of Industry 4.0 Technologies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-19, August.
    8. Edgar Battand Towa Kouokam & Vanessa Zeller & Wouter Achten, 2019. "Input-output models and waste management analysis: A critical review," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/359535, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    9. Qingshi Tu & Edgar G. Hertwich, 2022. "A mechanistic model to link technical specifications of vehicle end‐of‐life treatment with the potential of closed‐loop recycling of post‐consumer scrap alloys," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 26(3), pages 704-717, June.
    10. Hao, Han & Qiao, Qinyu & Liu, Zongwei & Zhao, Fuquan, 2017. "Impact of recycling on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from electric vehicle production: The China 2025 case," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 114-125.
    11. Simic, Vladimir, 2016. "End-of-life vehicles allocation management under multiple uncertainties: An interval-parameter two-stage stochastic full-infinite programming approach," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-17.

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