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Baffle and geometry effects on nanofluid forced convection over forward- and backward-facing​ steps channel by means of lattice Boltzmann method

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  • Ma, Yuan
  • Mohebbi, Rasul
  • Rashidi, Mohammad Mehdi
  • Yang, Zhigang
  • Fang, Yuhao

Abstract

In this study, we present a numerical simulation of MWCNT-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid forced convection heat transfer over the forward- and backward-facing steps channel having a baffle fixed on its top wall. A FORTRAN’s homemade code based the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used here. The effects of the Reynolds number (25 ≤Re≤ 100), the volume fraction of nanoparticles (0 ≤ϕ≤ 0.003), the position of baffle (3 ≤X2≤ 7), the length of baffle (0 ≤h≤ 1.5) and the geometry parameter (2 ≤X1≤ 4) on flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics are provided a deep insight. The results indicate that the average Nusselt number is an increasing function of Re and ϕ. The baffle has a significant effect on the flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics. When the length of the baffle increases, the recirculation region behind the backward-facing step shrinks. The average Nusselt number increases by increasing the length of the baffle or moving the baffle towards the backward-facing step.

Suggested Citation

  • Ma, Yuan & Mohebbi, Rasul & Rashidi, Mohammad Mehdi & Yang, Zhigang & Fang, Yuhao, 2020. "Baffle and geometry effects on nanofluid forced convection over forward- and backward-facing​ steps channel by means of lattice Boltzmann method," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 554(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:554:y:2020:i:c:s0378437120303447
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2020.124696
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xie, W.A. & Xi, G.N., 2017. "Geometry effect on flow fluctuation and heat transfer in unsteady forced convection over backward and forward facing steps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 49-56.
    2. Safaei, Mohammad Reza & Karimipour, Arash & Abdollahi, Ali & Nguyen, Truong Khang, 2018. "The investigation of thermal radiation and free convection heat transfer mechanisms of nanofluid inside a shallow cavity by lattice Boltzmann method," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 515-535.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nur Adilah Liyana Aladdin & Norfifah Bachok, 2021. "Duality Solutions in Hydromagnetic Flow of SWCNT-MWCNT/Water Hybrid Nanofluid over Vertical Moving Slender Needle," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(22), pages 1-17, November.

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