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Are corporate inversions good for shareholders?

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  • Babkin, Anton
  • Glover, Brent
  • Levine, Oliver

Abstract

Corporate inversion, the process of redomiciling for tax purposes, reduces corporate income taxes, but it imposes a personal tax cost that is shareholder-specific. We develop a model, incorporating the corporate tax benefits and personal tax costs, to quantify the return to inversion for different shareholders. Foreign and tax-exempt investors, along with the chief executive officer, disproportionately benefit. We show that an inversion simultaneously reduces the wealth of many taxable shareholders. The model illustrates an agency conflict in which heterogeneity in personal taxes generates a wealth transfer between shareholders. Furthermore, personal taxes offset the loss in government revenue by 39%.

Suggested Citation

  • Babkin, Anton & Glover, Brent & Levine, Oliver, 2017. "Are corporate inversions good for shareholders?," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 227-251.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:126:y:2017:i:2:p:227-251
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2017.07.004
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    Cited by:

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    2. Rainer Niemann & Mariana Sailer, 2023. "Is analytical tax research alive and kicking? Insights from 2000 until 2022," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 93(6), pages 1149-1212, August.
    3. Nesbitt, Wayne L. & Outslay, Edmund & Persson, Anh V., 2023. "A reexamination of investors' reaction to tax shelter news: Evidence from the Luxembourg tax leaks," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2).
    4. Albertus, James F. & Glover, Brent & Levine, Oliver, 2019. "Heads I win, tails you lose: Asymmetric taxes, risk taking, and innovation," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 24-40.
    5. Travis Chow & Sterling Huang & Kenneth J. Klassen & Jeffrey Ng, 2022. "The Influence of Corporate Income Taxes on Investment Location: Evidence from Corporate Headquarters Relocations," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(2), pages 1404-1425, February.
    6. Albertus, James F. & Glover, Brent & Levine, Oliver, 2022. "Foreign investment of US multinationals: The effect of tax policy and agency conflicts," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(1), pages 298-327.
    7. Laing, Elaine & Gurdgiev, Constantin & Durand, Robert B. & Boermans, Boris, 2019. "U.S. tax inversions and shareholder wealth effects," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 35-52.
    8. Cortes, Felipe & Gomes, Armando & Gopalan, Radhakrishnan, 2021. "Corporate Inversions and Governance," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    9. von Hagen, Dominik & Pönnighaus, Fabian Nicolas, 2017. "International taxation and M&A prices," ZEW Discussion Papers 17-040, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    10. Burkart, Mike & Zhong, Hongda, 2023. "Equity issuance methods and dilution," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 117895, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    11. Col, Burcin & Errunza, Vihang, 2022. "Havenly acquisitions," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    12. Ban, Mingyuan & Chen, Chang-Chih, 2019. "Ambiguity and capital structure adjustments," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 242-270.
    13. Ying Gan & Buhui Qiu, 2019. "Escape from the USA: Government debt-to-GDP ratio, country tax competitiveness, and US-OECD cross-border M&As," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(7), pages 1156-1183, September.
    14. Madhuparna Kolay, 2018. "Stockholder Wealth Effects of Corporate Inversions: Is It just Tax or Does Governance Matter too?," Review of Economics & Finance, Better Advances Press, Canada, vol. 14, pages 83-97, November.
    15. Mike Burkart & Hongda Zhong, 2023. "Equity Issuance Methods and Dilution," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(1), pages 78-130.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Corporate governance; Fiduciary duty; Shareholder conflicts; Tax-clientele effects; Mergers and acquisitions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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