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How does bank competition affect credit risk? Evidence from loan-level data

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  • Martín-Oliver, Alfredo
  • Ruano, Sonia
  • Salas-Fumás, Vicente

Abstract

This paper studies how loan credit risk depends on competition in the banking sector. We estimate an empirical model of credit risk using data from the Spanish Credit Register on individual loans to non-financial firms in 1992–2007. Our results show that credit risk decreases with the level of competition in the credit market, and they are consistent with the prediction from the moral hazard view on the determinants of credit risk. We also find that the probability of loan default varies with characteristics of the bank, the local market and macro variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Martín-Oliver, Alfredo & Ruano, Sonia & Salas-Fumás, Vicente, 2020. "How does bank competition affect credit risk? Evidence from loan-level data," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolet:v:196:y:2020:i:c:s0165176520303189
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109524
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Caminal, Ramon & Matutes, Carmen, 2002. "Market power and banking failures," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 20(9), pages 1341-1361, November.
    2. Keeley, Michael C, 1990. "Deposit Insurance, Risk, and Market Power in Banking," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(5), pages 1183-1200, December.
    3. Martín-Oliver, Alfredo & Ruano, Sonia & Salas-Fumás, Vicente, 2013. "Why high productivity growth of banks preceded the financial crisis," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 688-712.
    4. John H. Boyd & Gianni De Nicoló, 2005. "The Theory of Bank Risk Taking and Competition Revisited," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(3), pages 1329-1343, June.
    5. Stiglitz, Joseph E & Weiss, Andrew, 1981. "Credit Rationing in Markets with Imperfect Information," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 71(3), pages 393-410, June.
    6. Xavier Vives, 2016. "Competition and Stability in Banking: The Role of Regulation and Competition Policy," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 10741.
    7. Kevin C. Murdock & Thomas F. Hellmann & Joseph E. Stiglitz, 2000. "Liberalization, Moral Hazard in Banking, and Prudential Regulation: Are Capital Requirements Enough?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(1), pages 147-165, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lizethe Berenice Méndez-Heras & Francisco Venegas-Martínez & Diego Emilio Linthon-Delgado, 2021. "Competencia en el mercado de crédito entre los bancos dominantes en México," Remef - Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas Nueva Época REMEF (The Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance), Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas, IMEF, vol. 16(TNEA), pages 1-25, Septiembr.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Banks; Moral hazard; Credit risk; Competition; Product differentiation; Credit register;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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