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Valuation of mortality risk via the instantaneous Sharpe ratio: Applications to life annuities

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  • Bayraktar, Erhan
  • Milevsky, Moshe A.
  • David Promislow, S.
  • Young, Virginia R.

Abstract

We develop a theory for valuing non-diversifiable mortality risk in an incomplete market by assuming that the company issuing a mortality-contingent claim requires compensation for this risk in the form of a pre-specified instantaneous Sharpe ratio. We apply our method to value life annuities. One result of our paper is that the value of the life annuity is identical to the upper good deal bound of Cochrane and Saá-Requejo [2000. Beyond arbitrage: good deal asset price bounds in incomplete markets. Journal of Political Economy 108, 79-119] and of Björk and Slinko [2006. Towards a general theory of good deal bounds. Review of Finance 10, 221-260] applied to our setting. A second result of our paper is that the value per contract solves a linear partial differential equation as the number of contracts approaches infinity. One can represent the limiting value as an expectation with respect to an equivalent martingale measure, and from this representation, one can interpret the instantaneous Sharpe ratio as an annuity market's price of mortality risk.

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  • Bayraktar, Erhan & Milevsky, Moshe A. & David Promislow, S. & Young, Virginia R., 2009. "Valuation of mortality risk via the instantaneous Sharpe ratio: Applications to life annuities," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 676-691, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:33:y:2009:i:3:p:676-691
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    Cited by:

    1. Karim Barigou & Lukasz Delong, 2021. "Pricing equity-linked life insurance contracts with multiple risk factors by neural networks," Post-Print hal-02896141, HAL.
    2. Karim Barigou & Lukasz Delong, 2020. "Pricing equity-linked life insurance contracts with multiple risk factors by neural networks," Papers 2007.08804, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2021.
    3. Blake, David & Cairns, Andrew J.G., 2021. "Longevity risk and capital markets: The 2019-20 update," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 395-439.
    4. Ting Wang & Virginia R. Young, 2010. "Hedging Pure Endowments with Mortality Derivatives," Papers 1011.0248, arXiv.org.
    5. Deelstra, Griselda & Grasselli, Martino & Van Weverberg, Christopher, 2016. "The role of the dependence between mortality and interest rates when pricing Guaranteed Annuity Options," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 205-219.
    6. Wang, Ting & Young, Virginia R., 2016. "Hedging pure endowments with mortality derivatives," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 238-255.
    7. Yijia Lin & Sheen Liu & Jifeng Yu, 2013. "Pricing Mortality Securities With Correlated Mortality Indexes," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 80(4), pages 921-948, December.
    8. Bauer, Daniel & Börger, Matthias & Ruß, Jochen, 2010. "On the pricing of longevity-linked securities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 139-149, February.
    9. Bisetti, Emilio & Favero, Carlo A. & Nocera, Giacomo & Tebaldi, Claudio, 2017. "A Multivariate Model of Strategic Asset Allocation with Longevity Risk," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 52(5), pages 2251-2275, October.
    10. Blake, David & El Karoui, Nicole & Loisel, Stéphane & MacMinn, Richard, 2018. "Longevity risk and capital markets: The 2015–16 update," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 157-173.
    11. Huang, Yu-Lieh & Tsai, Jeffrey Tzuhao & Yang, Sharon S. & Cheng, Hung-Wen, 2014. "Price bounds of mortality-linked security in incomplete insurance market," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 30-39.
    12. Christophette Blanchet-Scalliet & Diana Dorobantu & Yahia Salhi, 2016. "A Model-Point Approach to Indifference Pricing of Life Insurance Portfolios with Dependent Lives," Working Papers hal-01258645, HAL.
    13. Hua Chen & Michael Sherris & Tao Sun & Wenge Zhu, 2013. "Living With Ambiguity: Pricing Mortality-Linked Securities With Smooth Ambiguity Preferences," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 80(3), pages 705-732, September.
    14. Li, Han & Liu, Haibo & Tang, Qihe & Yuan, Zhongyi, 2023. "Pricing extreme mortality risk in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 84-106.
    15. Leung, Melvern & Fung, Man Chung & O’Hare, Colin, 2018. "A comparative study of pricing approaches for longevity instruments," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 95-116.
    16. Christophette Blanchet-Scalliet & Diana Dorobantu & Yahia Salhi, 2019. "A Model-Point Approach to Indifference Pricing of Life Insurance Portfolios with Dependent Lives," Post-Print hal-01258645, HAL.
    17. Johnny Siu‐Hang Li & Andrew Cheuk‐Yin Ng, 2011. "Canonical Valuation of Mortality‐Linked Securities," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 78(4), pages 853-884, December.
    18. Chen, Chang-Chih & Chang, Chia-Chien & Sun, Edward W. & Yu, Min-Teh, 2022. "Optimal decision of dynamic wealth allocation with life insurance for mitigating health risk under market incompleteness," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 300(2), pages 727-742.
    19. Jang, Bong-Gyu & Koo, Hyeng Keun & Park, Seyoung, 2019. "Optimal consumption and investment with insurer default risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 44-56.
    20. Christophette Blanchet-Scalliet & Diana Dorobantu & Yahia Salhi, 2019. "A Model-Point Approach to Indifference Pricing of Life Insurance Portfolios with Dependent Lives," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 423-448, June.
    21. Ballestra, Luca Vincenzo & Ottaviani, Massimiliano & Pacelli, Graziella, 2012. "An operator splitting harmonic differential quadrature approach to solve Young’s model for life insurance risk," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 442-448.
    22. Claudia Ceci & Katia Colaneri & Alessandra Cretarola, 2018. "Indifference pricing of pure endowments via BSDEs under partial information," Papers 1804.00223, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2020.
    23. Bahl, Raj Kumari & Sabanis, Sotirios, 2021. "Model-independent price bounds for Catastrophic Mortality Bonds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 276-291.
    24. Karim Barigou & Lukasz Delong, 2021. "Pricing equity-linked life insurance contracts with multiple risk factors by neural networks," Working Papers hal-02896141, HAL.
    25. Min Zheng, 2015. "Heterogeneous Expectations and Speculative Behavior in Insurance-Linked Securities," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2015, pages 1-12, March.

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