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Fuel properties, engine performance and environmental benefits of biodiesel produced by a green process

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  • Chattopadhyay, Soham
  • Sen, Ramkrishna

Abstract

Biodiesel, produced by enzymatic transesterification of cottonseed oil with methanol in a green, zero waste discharge process, was purified to meet the international specifications. Glycerol was recovered by gravity separation and unutilized methanol was recycled after distillation. The methyl ester content of the purified product was found to be almost 90%. The fuel properties of the product and its blends with petroleum diesel were in well accordance with the international standards. The performance characteristics of the diesel engine with the blends (B10 and B20) were comparable to that of diesel in terms of brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). The emission characteristics of the engine with the blends were such that significant environmental benefits could be accrued, as the average emissions of CO, CO2, smoke and un-burned hydrocarbons (HCs) got considerably reduced by 33.3%, 8.4%, 43.4% and 29.4% respectively. However, in case biodiesel, relatively higher levels of NOX emission can be attributed to the inherent oxygen of biodiesel. Thus, the B10 and B20 products based on biodiesel from the green process showed comparable engine performance with better green house gas emission characteristics and hence, deserve the status of an efficient environment friendly bio-additive for diesel engines.

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  • Chattopadhyay, Soham & Sen, Ramkrishna, 2013. "Fuel properties, engine performance and environmental benefits of biodiesel produced by a green process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 319-326.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:105:y:2013:i:c:p:319-326
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.01.003
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    5. García-Martín, Juan Francisco & Barrios, Carmen C. & Alés-Álvarez, Francisco-Javier & Dominguez-Sáez, Aida & Alvarez-Mateos, Paloma, 2018. "Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in an oscillatory flow reactor. Performance as a fuel on a TDI diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 546-556.
    6. Babu, D. & Thangarasu, Vinoth & Ramanathan, Anand, 2020. "Artificial neural network approach on forecasting diesel engine characteristics fuelled with waste frying oil biodiesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    7. Shemelis N. Gebremariam & Trine Hvoslef-Eide & Meseret T. Terfa & Jorge M. Marchetti, 2019. "Techno-Economic Performance of Different Technological Based Bio-Refineries for Biofuel Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-21, October.
    8. Ballesteros, Rosario & García, Duban & Bustamante, Felipe & Alarcón, Edwin & Lapuerta, Magín, 2020. "Oxyfunctionalized turpentine: Evaluation of properties as automotive fuel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 2210-2219.
    9. Pradhan, Piasy & Chakraborty, Rajat, 2018. "Optimal efficient biodiesel synthesis from used oil employing low-cost ram bone supported Cr catalyst: Engine performance and exhaust assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 35-45.
    10. Bari, S., 2014. "Performance, combustion and emission tests of a metro-bus running on biodiesel-ULSD blended (B20) fuel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 35-43.
    11. Matea Bačić & Anabela Ljubić & Martin Gojun & Anita Šalić & Ana Jurinjak Tušek & Bruno Zelić, 2021. "Continuous Integrated Process of Biodiesel Production and Purification—The End of the Conventional Two-Stage Batch Process?," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-17, January.
    12. Elsanusi, Osama Ahmed & Roy, Murari Mohon & Sidhu, Manpreet Singh, 2017. "Experimental Investigation on a Diesel Engine Fueled by Diesel-Biodiesel Blends and their Emulsions at Various Engine Operating Conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 582-593.
    13. Jamshaid, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Zulkifli, N.W.M. & Arslan, A. & Qureshi, A.A., 2022. "Experimental investigation of performance, emissions and tribological characteristics of B20 blend from cottonseed and palm oil biodiesels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).
    14. Paul, Abhishek & Panua, Raj Sekhar & Debroy, Durbadal & Bose, Probir Kumar, 2014. "Effect of compressed natural gas dual fuel operation with diesel and Pongamia pinnata methyl ester (PPME) as pilot fuels on performance and emission characteristics of a CI (compression ignition) engi," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 495-509.
    15. De Bhowmick, Goldy & Koduru, Lokanand & Sen, Ramkrishna, 2015. "Metabolic pathway engineering towards enhancing microalgal lipid biosynthesis for biofuel application—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1239-1253.

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