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Nitrogen surface runoff losses from a Chinese cabbage field under different nitrogen treatments in the Taihu Lake Basin, China

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  • Shan, Linan
  • He, Yunfeng
  • Chen, Jie
  • Huang, Qian
  • Lian, Xu
  • Wang, Hongcai
  • Liu, Yili

Abstract

The excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for crop production can cause substantial N losses through surface runoff, generating serious nonpoint pollution. A thorough understanding of N runoff losses is necessary for optimal N management in vegetable production systems. A 3-year field experiment was conducted at a Chinese cabbage field in the Taihu Lake Basin of China to evaluate the characteristics of N runoff losses and the effect of different N fertilizer treatments on N runoff losses during the autumn and winter, 2010–2012. The results demonstrated that surface runoff was significantly and positively related to rainfall. The highest risk of N runoff loss occurred one week after fertilization, and top dressing increased this risk. NO3−-N was the main runoff component, accounting for 49.32–71.82% of the total N losses. The concentration of NO3−-N was significantly and positively related to the concentration of total N in the runoff. Significant differences in N runoff losses were observed between N fertilizer treatments. N runoff losses from conventional fertilizer were 10.43–22.68kgha−1, significantly higher than from other treatments, and the total N net runoff loss rates for conventional fertilizer treatment were 3.48–7.56%. The application of organic fertilizer reduced N runoff loss by 15.70–18.14% compared to conventional fertilizer application. Organic–inorganic compound fertilizer reduced N runoff loss by 27.37–36.27% compared with conventional fertilizer. Slow-release fertilizers had very significant positive effects in controlling N runoff loss, with a 58.29–61.01% reduction for sulfur-coated urea, a 49.33–56.05% reduction for biological carbon power urea, and a 59.79–63.59% reduction for bulk-blend controlled-release fertilizer relative to conventional fertilizer. This study provides vital baseline information for fertilizer choice and management practices, which can be used to reduce N runoff losses and encourage the development of new fertilizer strategies for vegetable planting.

Suggested Citation

  • Shan, Linan & He, Yunfeng & Chen, Jie & Huang, Qian & Lian, Xu & Wang, Hongcai & Liu, Yili, 2015. "Nitrogen surface runoff losses from a Chinese cabbage field under different nitrogen treatments in the Taihu Lake Basin, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 255-263.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:159:y:2015:i:c:p:255-263
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2015.06.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xu, Junzeng & Peng, Shizhang & Yang, Shihong & Wang, Weiguang, 2012. "Ammonia volatilization losses from a rice paddy with different irrigation and nitrogen managements," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 184-192.
    2. Tan, Deshui & Jiang, Lihua & Tan, Shuying & Zheng, Fuli & Xu, Yu & Cui, Rongzong & Wang, Mei & Shi, Jing & Li, Guosheng & Liu, Zhaohui, 2013. "An in situ study of inorganic nitrogen flow under different fertilization treatments on a wheat–maize rotation system surrounding Nansi Lake, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 45-54.
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