IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eaa/aeinde/v19y2019i1_7.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Human Resource Development, Structural Transformation, Employment Generation And Innovation: India, China, Japan And South Korea, 1990-2016

Author

Listed:
  • Gulshan Farooq BHAT
  • Sandeep KAUR

Abstract

The speed at which the economy transforms is the crucial factor that determines the convergence or divergence of any country. In this connection, the present study aims to highlight the role of human development, productivity through innovation and structural transformation among the successful East Asian nations of China, Japan, South Korea and the Indian case for that of development. It is the vast gaps in productivity between the traditional agriculture sector and modern manufacturing sector responsible for the creating gaps among the successful East Asian nations and developing India. Such gaps may be minimized only through the investment in Human development, innovation, and technology. Increase in labor productivity will create jobs in the manufacturing sector, allow an increase in real labour incomes which is necessary for the poverty reduction and human development and crucial way of enhancing the standard of living as well. Furthermore, to improve the high tech exports, it is imperative to invest in skill development, technological advancement as done so far by the mentioned East Asian nations and is the sure way of enhancing productivity. India needs to foster its productivity measures for desirable structural change to create jobs through experimental and pragmatic policies as also claimed by Professor Dani Rodrik. The employment-oriented growth strategy is essential for harnessing the potential of demographic dividend in the growing working-age population of China and India. Furthermore creating jobs in small industries for which two-thirds of total employment in the Asia Pacific is vital for the inclusive growth especially in India.

Suggested Citation

  • Gulshan Farooq BHAT & Sandeep KAUR, 2019. "Human Resource Development, Structural Transformation, Employment Generation And Innovation: India, China, Japan And South Korea, 1990-2016," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 19(1), pages 95-114.
    • Handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:19:y:2019:i:1_7
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.usc.es/~economet/reviews/aeid1917.pdf
    Download Restriction: No.
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. ASONGU, Simplice & ODHIAMBO, Nicholas, 2018. "Drivers Of Growth In Fast Emerging Economies: A Dynamic Instrumental Quantile Approach To Real Output And Its Rates Of Growth In Brics And Mint Countries, 2001-2011," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 18(1), pages 5-22.
    2. Gulshan Farooq BHAT & Dr. Sandeep Kaur BHATIA, 2017. "An Empirical Analysis Of Growth Determinants In India And South Korea: Possible Lessons For India," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 17(2), pages 155-174.
    3. Mohd. FAYAZ & Kaur Bhatia SANDEEP, 2016. "Trends , Patterns and Determinants of Indian Current Account Deficit," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 16(1).
    4. Ministry of Finance, Government of India,, 2017. "Economic Survey 2016-17," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 2, number 9780199477661.
    5. Cao, Kang Hua & Birchenall, Javier A., 2013. "Agricultural productivity, structural change, and economic growth in post-reform China," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 165-180.
    6. K. J. Arrow, 1971. "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: F. H. Hahn (ed.), Readings in the Theory of Growth, chapter 11, pages 131-149, Palgrave Macmillan.
    7. Krishan SINGH & Sandeep Kaur BHATIA, 2017. "Whether Fdi Or Exports Enhance Innovation: Evidence From Indian Manufacturing Firms, 2001-2012," Revista Galega de Economía, University of Santiago de Compostela. Faculty of Economics and Business., vol. 26(3), pages 19-32.
    8. Mark Zastrow, 2016. "Why South Korea is the world’s biggest investor in research," Nature, Nature, vol. 534(7605), pages 20-23, June.
    9. SANDEEP, Kaur, 2015. "Migration And Bilateral Trade Flows: Evidence From India And Oecd Countries," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 15(2), pages 179-196.
    10. Sen, Kunal, 2016. "The Determinants of Structural Transformation in Asia: A Review of the Literature," ADB Economics Working Paper Series 478, Asian Development Bank.
    11. Lucas, Robert Jr., 1988. "On the mechanics of economic development," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 3-42, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gulshan Farooq BHAT & Dr. Sandeep Kaur BHATIA, 2017. "An Empirical Analysis Of Growth Determinants In India And South Korea: Possible Lessons For India," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 17(2), pages 155-174.
    2. Mohd. FAYAZ & Sandeep KAUR, 2019. "An Empirical Analysis Of The Determinants Of India’S High-Technology Exports," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 19(2), pages 29-44.
    3. Rao, B. Bhaskara, 2010. "Estimates of the steady state growth rates for selected Asian countries with an extended Solow model," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 27(1), pages 46-53, January.
    4. van de Klundert, T.C.M.J. & Smulders, J.A., 1991. "Reconstructing growth theory : A survey," Other publications TiSEM 19355c51-17eb-4d5d-aa66-b, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    5. Carine Nourry, 2012. "Dasgupta, D.: Modern growth theory," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 105(1), pages 97-100, January.
    6. Arun Natarajan Hariharan & Arindam Biswas, 2020. "A Critical review of the Indian knowledge‐based industry location policy against its theoretical arguments," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(3), pages 431-454, June.
    7. Johannes W. Fedderke & John M. Luiz, 2005. "Does Human Generate Social and Institutional Capital? Exploring Evidence From Time Series Data in a Middle Income Country," Working Papers 029, Economic Research Southern Africa.
    8. V. V. Chari & Patrick J. Kehoe & Ellen R. McGrattan, 1996. "The Poverty of Nations: A Quantitative Exploration," NBER Working Papers 5414, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Andreja Benkovic & Juan Felipe Mejía, 2008. "Tourism as a driver of economic development: The Colombian experience," Documentos de Trabajo de Valor Público 10630, Universidad EAFIT.
    10. Wilson, E.J. & Chaudhri, D.P., 2000. "Endogeneity, Knowledge and Dynamics of Long Run Capitalist Economic Growth," Economics Working Papers wp00-03, School of Economics, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
    11. Philippe Michel & Antoine d'Autume, 1993. "Hystérésis et piège du sous-développement dans un modèle de croissance endogène," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(2), pages 431-450.
    12. Dekle, Robert & Eaton, Jonathan, 1999. "Agglomeration and Land Rents: Evidence from the Prefectures," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(2), pages 200-214, September.
    13. Marconi, G. & de Grip, A., 2014. "Education and growth with learning by doing," ROA Research Memorandum 010, Maastricht University, Research Centre for Education and the Labour Market (ROA).
    14. Meier, Volker & Schiopu, Ioana, 2015. "Optimal higher education enrollment and productivity externalities in a two-sector model," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 1-13.
    15. Mori, Tomoya & Sakaguchi, Shosei, 2018. "Collaborative knowledge creation: Evidence from Japanese patent data," MPRA Paper 88716, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. van de Klundert, Theo & Smulders, Sjak, 1995. "Strategies for Growth in a Macroeconomic Setting," The Manchester School of Economic & Social Studies, University of Manchester, vol. 63(4), pages 388-411, December.
    17. ?gel de la Fuente, "undated". "Convergence Across Countries And Regions: Theory And Empirics," UFAE and IAE Working Papers 447.00, Unitat de Fonaments de l'Anàlisi Econòmica (UAB) and Institut d'Anàlisi Econòmica (CSIC).
    18. Julio Dávila, 2023. "Bequests or education," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 75(4), pages 1039-1069, May.
    19. Pop Silaghi, Monica Ioana & Alexa, Diana & Jude, Cristina & Litan, Cristian, 2014. "Do business and public sector research and development expenditures contribute to economic growth in Central and Eastern European Countries? A dynamic panel estimation," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 108-119.
    20. Wu, Mingran & Zhao, Min & Wu, Zhaodan, 2019. "Evaluation of development level and economic contribution ratio of science and technology innovation in eastern China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Human Development; Innovation; Employment; Demographic Dividend; Structural Transformation.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:19:y:2019:i:1_7. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: M. Carmen Guisan (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.usc.es/economet/eaa.htm .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.