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Análisis de opciones reales para la valoración financiera de proyectos de energía geotérmica en Colombia

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  • Yessenia Martínez-Ruiz, Diego Fernando Manotas-Duque, Howard Ramírez-Malule

Abstract

Los proyectos de inversión en energía frecuentemente son evaluados mediante la aplicación de técnicas clásicas que asumen un panorama estático en los flujos de caja, resultando insuficientes al no considerar los riesgos asociados a las variables de entrada ni la flexibilidad de los inversionistas para la toma de decisiones. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue evaluar la viabilidad financiera de proyectos de energía geotérmica en Colombia, considerando la incertidumbre y el riesgo característico de este tipo de proyectos. Primero, se describió el caso de estudio analizado, las variables de modelación más comunes en proyectos de esta índole y las distribuciones probabilísticas asociadas. Posteriormente se utilizó la simulación de Monte Carlo para conocer la viabilidad financiera del proyecto mediante la aplicación de criterios clásicos de la literatura. Estos hallazgos fueron comparados con los obtenidos al aplicar el enfoque de opciones reales al caso de estudio, el cual fue evaluado a partir de una opción real compuesta durante las fases de inversión. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que mediante el uso de los métodos tradicionales el proyecto fue clasificado como no factible, pero, al considerar la flexibilidad de los inversionistas, este resultó atractivo. Por tanto, al momento de evaluar la viabilidad financiera de un proyecto de inversión se deben considerar factores de riesgo e incertidumbre, los cuales agregan valor al análisis de factibilidad y presentan una visión más cercana a la realidad de los proyectos.

Suggested Citation

  • Yessenia Martínez-Ruiz, Diego Fernando Manotas-Duque, Howard Ramírez-Malule, 2021. "Análisis de opciones reales para la valoración financiera de proyectos de energía geotérmica en Colombia," Revista CEA, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, vol. 7(15), pages 1-23, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000549:019726
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    opciones reales; riesgo de capital; probabilidad financiera; fuentes de energía geotérmica;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q2 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy

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