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Extractivismo clásico y neoextractivismo, ¿Dos tipos de extractivismos diferentes?

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  • Riascos, Luis Hernando Portillo

    (Universidad de Nariño)

Abstract

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental aportar al debate sobre las diferencias entre dos tipos de extractivismo: clásico o convencional y, neoextractivismo. Con este propósito, se presenta, en una primera parte, los distintos aportes existentes en la literatura alrededor de este tema, y en una segunda parte, se hace un análisis de los principales cambios introducidos en el marco regulatorio del sector petrolero de los dos países estudiados, que son: Ecuador y Colombia. Por los aportes derivados de la revisión de literatura y el análisis de los modelos de explotación petrolera, la diferencia fundamental viene dada por el rol que asume el Estado. Los cambios introducidos en este sentido fueron observados para el caso ecuatoriano. Los rasgos más importantes son: en primer lugar, el Estado busca asumir un mayor control de la actividad petrolera, y en segundo lugar, fruto de lo anterior, hay un cambio trascendental de las relaciones con las empresas transnacionales. Los elementos mencionados guardan correspondencia con los aportes citados bajo el neoextractivismo. Empero, aunque las modificaciones incorporadas en el marco regulatorio denotan grandes diferencias en los modelos de explotación petrolera de los dos países, es necesario evaluar la dinámica productiva y fiscal con el objeto de conocer el verdadero impacto de las medidas adoptadas en los dos países.

Suggested Citation

  • Riascos, Luis Hernando Portillo, 2014. "Extractivismo clásico y neoextractivismo, ¿Dos tipos de extractivismos diferentes?," Revista Tendencias, Universidad de Narino, vol. 15(2), pages 11-29, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000520:018824
    DOI: 10.22267/rtend.141502.40
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Sachs, J-D & Warner, A-M, 1995. "Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth," Papers 517a, Harvard - Institute for International Development.
    3. Halvor Mehlum & Karl Moene & Ragnar Torvik, 2006. "Cursed by Resources or Institutions?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(8), pages 1117-1131, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alonso-Fernández, Pablo & Regueiro-Ferreira, Rosa María, 2022. "Extractivism, ecologically unequal exchange and environmental impact in South America: A study using Material Flow Analysis (1990–2017)," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    extractivismo; neoextractivismo; modelos de explotación petrolera; Colombia; Ecuador;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q33 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation - - - Resource Booms (Dutch Disease)
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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