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La informalidad laboral: causas generales

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  • Gustavo Sandoval Betancour

Abstract

El artículo examina la informalidad laboral desde el punto de vista de sus causas fundamentales, a fin de verificar la validez de teorías clásicas que explican el desempleo en economías de mercado y su relación con la informalidad. Metodológicamente, el proyecto se desarrolló, en su parte empírica, con base en estadísticas internacionales, comparando la evolución de la estructura del mercado laboral en una muestra combinada de países altamente industrializados con otros menos industrializados. La evidencia empírica analizada permite concluir que la teoría económica clásica de origen marxista sobre las causas del desempleo es ineficiente para explicar este fenómeno en las economías de mercado contemporáneas y, por extensión, tampoco contribuye a explicar satisfactoriamente la informalidad. Por el contrario, se concluye que la teoría en cuestión es más pertinente para explicar la informalidad en economías centralmente planificadas, donde este fenómeno ha hecho presencia tanto o más significativamente que en las economías de libre mercado.

Suggested Citation

  • Gustavo Sandoval Betancour, 2014. "La informalidad laboral: causas generales," Revista Equidad y Desarrollo, Universidad de la Salle, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000452:013175
    DOI: 10.19052/ed.3247
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tito Boeri, 2009. "What Happened to European Unemployment?," De Economist, Springer, vol. 157(2), pages 215-228, June.
    2. Tokman, Víctor E., 2008. "Flexiguridad con informalidad: opciones y restricciones," Macroeconomía del Desarrollo 5437, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    3. Portes, Alejandro & Haller, William J., 2004. "La economía informal," Políticas Sociales 6091, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    4. Kuczynski, Pedro-Pablo & John Williamson (ed.), 2003. "After the Washington Consensus: Restarting Growth and Reform in Latin America," Peterson Institute Press: All Books, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number 350, October.
    5. Tokman, Víctor E., 2007. "Informalidad, inseguridad y cohesión social en América Latina," Políticas Sociales 6135, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Informalidad laboral; desempleo; economía informal;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General
    • J60 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - General
    • E26 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Informal Economy; Underground Economy

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