This paper analyses two approaches to measuring market power –the commonly used Lerner index and a range of exploitation measures–. It is argued that the Lerner index is designed to quantify market power from the supply side and the exploitation measures are designed to quantify market power from the demand side, and that the two approaches do not always behave in a symmetric way, since they do not always have the same bounds. To sort out these potentially undesirable properties, this paper proposes a new general index to measure market power, which is symmetrical in the sense that it is bounded between zero and one, regardless of whether the market power comes from the supply or the demand side. The index proposed allows for the presence of more than one firm and for the existence of conjectural variations. ******************************************************************************************************************* Este documento analiza dos enfoques para medir poder de mercado –el frecuentemente utilizado índice de Lerner y un conjunto de medidas de explotación–. Se argumenta que el índice de Lerner está diseñado para cuantificar el poder de mercado por el lado de la oferta y que las medidas de explotación están diseñadas para cuantificar el poder de mercado por el lado de la demanda, y que esos dos enfoques no siempre tienen los mismos límites. Para corregir estas propiedades potencialmente no deseables, este documento propone un nuevo índice general para medir poder de mercado, que es simétrico –estando restringido a valores entre cero y uno–, independientemente de si el poder de mercado proviene del lado de la oferta o de la demanda. El índice propuesto permite la presencia de más de una firma y la existencia de variaciones conjeturales.
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